Author: Trevor Howitt

Physical Therapy Exercises for Dementia Patients (Guide)

Trevor Howitt Blog , ,
Physiotherapist and Dementia

Physical therapy exercises for dementia patients is really important as it helps to maintain mobility, improve their health and their quality of life. Exercise can make a tremendous difference to a person’s health. Regular exercise lowers the risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer and Type 2 Diabetes.

It is particularly good for people with dementia as they cannot always explain how they are feeling or any aches and pains they have. With careful assessment, their physiotherapist can locate any problem areas in their body and work to resolve – or at least – minimise their discomfort.

‘Physical therapy, also known as physiotherapy, may include certain exercises, massages and treatments based on physical stimuli (e.g. cold, heat, electrical currents or ultrasound). The purpose of physical therapy is to relieve pain, help you move better or strengthen weakened muscles’                                  Source

Physical Therapy Exercises for Dementia Patients

Physical Therapy Exercises for Dementia Patients

Why is physical therapy so important?

Gentle exercise is a holistic treatment as it not only keeps the body strong so that the person can continue everyday activities, but exercise is really good for your loved one’s mental well-being.

In addition, it lowers levels of stress and anxiety and raises a person’s mood. As a person ages and mobility becomes more limited, the importance of physiotherapy increases.

Physiotherapy can help an individual with dementia to remain as independent as possible with mobility and the ability to carry out normal activities of daily living.                                                  Source

What exercises does a physiotherapist give dementia patients?

Physiotherapy Exercises for Dementia Patients

Physiotherapists complete a particular range of exercises and movements with each dementia patient – depending on their individual needs.

Some of the exercises are designed to improve and maintain movement and muscle strength. Others will be focused on a particular problem area.

The physiotherapist will show you certain easy exercises that you and staff at the dementia care centre can encourage your loved one to complete on a daily basis. These exercises will need to be completed regularly if they are to have any success.

Physiotherapists will complete certain passive movements with your loved one targeting a particular part of the body – for example the lower back if they have backache or stiff joints.

They can also advise you on other physical therapy exercises for dementia patients – activities that will be particularly beneficial for your loved one.

Is massage good for dementia patients?

Is Massage Good for Dementia PatientsPhysiotherapists often use massage for their patients. If your loved one enjoys a massage, it is certainly something you can consider to do at home.

The five senses – especially touch –  are of great importance when interacting with a person with dementia. Having a massage will not only benefit them physically to improve stiff and aching joints, but it will also ease feelings of tension and anxiety. Massage also helps a dementia patient to not feel so isolated.

Some dementia patients do not like being given a massage. They become agitated. This is because they feel that the massage is an invasion of their private space.

Physiotherapists closely monitor the effect of the message on their patient. They watch for any non-verbal cues from the patient that indicate that they are finding the massage uncomfortable.

What other therapies are offered?

water aerobics and dementiaThere are a number of physical therapies that are based on physical stimuli that could be offered to your loved one by the physiotherapist. These include :

Manual lymphatic drainage

This is a special type of massage that helps to drain excess fluid from the tissue. It has been found to be effective for such conditions as rheumatoid arthritis. It can also be used to reduce anxiety and promote sleep.

Electrotherapy

A weak electric current is used in this treatment which is effective for relaxing muscle spasms, and increasing blood circulation in a particular area. Electrotherapy is also used in muscle rehabilitation and in the management of chronic pain.

Heat therapy

There is a variety of different heat treatments used by physiotherapists including warm baths, warm wax or mud packs, heat lamps and ultrasound. The whole body can be treated or just an area or limb. This treatment is used for pain relief and to increase blood flow.

Cold therapy

In contrast, cold therapy is used just for short sessions with cold water, ice and cold air. Cold therapy can be very effective for reducing swelling and pain and other conditions including osteoarthritis, muscle strains, and tendinitis.

Physical therapy exercises for dementia patients that can be done at home

Much physical therapy can be done in the home environment with dementia patients. Exercises range from everyday tasks such as getting washed and dressed, getting in and out of the bath/shower and on and off a chair.

Balance is of key importance so regularly guiding your loved one up and down stairs and steps is beneficial, as well as negotiating slopes. Simple balance exercises completed regularly are also beneficial and these can include standing on one leg.

Getting outside for a walk in the country is excellent exercise. Other activities include swimming, gardening and playing bowls or skittles – which all have the added bonus of being sociable too. Yoga, water aerobics and dancing are other good forms of exercise to consider too.

Regular hand massages bring many benefits…

Hand Massage for Dementia PatientsGiving your loved one a hand massage can be a very special time for you both and something they will enjoy – especially if your use a cream or oil with their favourite fragrance such as almond or coconut.

On the website of The Registered Massage Therapists Association of Ontario the benefits of giving a simple hand massage regularly are explained –

Regularly applied hand massage helps decrease agitation in people with dementia, which includes decreasing the frequency and intensity of agitated behaviours such as wandering. Massage therapy may also offset the social isolation that can lead to this agitation and related behaviour. It can also assist people with dementia feel comforted, especially in a residential care environment, as it may be the only positive physical touch they regularly receive.

Giving a hand massage is straight forward and is something that your loved one can enjoy – especially if you are visiting them in a dementia care home.

The massage should take about five minutes to complete. You massage one hand and then the other. Light massage movements on each of the fingers, thumbs, palms and front of the hands will make a positive difference.

Final Thoughts – Physical Therapy Exercises for Dementia Patients

The most important point is, physical therapy is essential for dementia patients for as long as possible as it will certainly have a positive impact on their health, mobility and quality of life.

The physical therapy exercises for dementia patients outlined in this article are easy to do at home.

If you find that encouraging them to exercise is proving challenging, it could be because they are feeling pain which they cannot explain.

Seeing a physiotherapist is the ideal solution as they can help ease any physical problem and give you plenty of good tips and advice on physical therapies that you can complete with your loved one….

Dementia Care Specialist (Advice)

Trevor Howitt Blog , ,
Certified dementia practitioner

Dementia is a serious neurological disorder that requires expert knowledge and compassion for countering it properly. A dementia care specialist’s role in providing support, not just to the patient but to the families of the patient as well is a crucial one.  In this brief, we will analyze the qualities of a good dementia care specialist and see which parameters you must keep in mind when searching for a professional in dementia care.

Furthermore, we will also talk about the importance of dementia care specialist’s role in the management of this neurological disorder. So, without further ado, let us begin!

Who are Dementia Care Specialists?

Dementia care professional

Let us start by defining their role. Dementia care specialists are professionals who have completed special training, as well as certifications in taking care of dementia patients. These professionals have in-depth knowledge of all the challenges that come with dementia.

Taking care of the challenges that arise from this condition using a wide array of behavioral management techniques is a part of their profession. Their knowledge about strategies which can enhance the quality of life of dementia patients is excellent. This makes them so important in this whole discussion.

3 Roles of a Dementia Care Specialist

Find a dementia care specialist

Care plan

Primary role of a dementia care specialist is to create a specific individualized care plan for their patient. While creating such a plan, they consider the physical, emotional and cognitive needs of the patient they are taking care of.

The critical elements in such a plan include medical interventions, cognitive exercises and recommendations for creating an environment that caters to the needs of a dementia patient.

Diet plan

These professionals also ensure that their patients are following a very specific diet plan, one that is all about diet for dementia patients.

Family support

A dementia care specialist also brings an overall sense of relief and calm to the family of a dementia patient. They are good at spotting the early signs of dementia in women and men in the family and can provide solutions for vascular dementia and eating problems with ease.

Boxes to Check When Seeking a Dementia Care Specialist

Dementia Care Specialist

Here are the boxes that you will need to check:

  • For hiring a dementia caregiver, you can start your search by seeking dementia caregivers who have adequate credentials and certifications. The certification you are searching for is called Certified Dementia Practitioners, i.e. CDP certificates. A CDP, is someone with a certification demonstrating achievement and specialized training in the areas of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia care.
  • The abilities of a CDP certified expert are often reflected by their referrals and recommendations, look at them closely as well.
  • Healthcare professionals, support groups or other caregivers in your vicinity can be a great source for finding reputable dementia care specialists. Interestingly enough, women provide 70% of care hours for people living with dementia!

Dementia Care Services at a Glance

Dementia care services

Here are the different types of dementia care services:

In-Home Dementia Care

Dementia care specialists can provide in-home service. Providing a support system within the familiar surroundings of the individual’s home can do wonders for their mental health.

In-home dementia care services can enhance comfort and reduce stress for dementia patients greatly. They are considered a valuable tool in combatting dementia.

Memory Care Facilities

Dementia care specialists often provide their services in memory care facilities. They are also a regular feature in assisted living communities that are specifically designed to meet the needs of dementia patients.

The purpose of these facilities is to offer a very safe and supportive environment with trained staff, usually operating all hours, all week.

Behavioral Management

Taking care of the challenging behaviors that often feature in dementia requires specialized knowledge coupled with a lot of patience.

A dementia care professional can employ behavior management techniques to minimize agitation, aggression, and anxiety. They are very good for specific conditions such as Sundowning dementia treatment.

Caregiver Education and Support

A dementia care expert also gives education and support to dementia patients. They equip them with the necessary tools that can help them take care of their loved ones effectively.

Dementia Care Specialist – Final Thoughts

Well then, that would be all from this brief. It goes without saying that when a loved one suffers from such a life-changing condition as dementia, things become quite challenging for the family.

However, if the search for a dementia caregiver is a successful one, a lot of burden is off the shoulders very early.

Before we sign off, we will say this again: don’t compromise on the requirements we have shared in this brief, and you shall be alright!

References

Vascular Dementia and Eating Problems

Trevor Howitt Blog ,
Mealtime challenges in vascular dementia

Diet for dementia patients is a major aspect of managing the disorder, even more so when the patient is suffering from vascular dementia and eating problems. Vascular dementia is a condition caused by a reduced flow of blood to the brain. The condition leads to various challenges, the most prominent of which are eating difficulties.

As vascular dementia progresses, individuals often suffer from nutrition-related issues, which necessitate a very careful management strategy.

Vascular Dementia and Eating Problems

In this brief, not only are we going to look at the problems that are commonly associated with vascular dementia, but we are also going to give an insight into coping strategies and approaches for these problems.

Eating Challenges in Vascular Dementia

Vascular Dementia and Eating Problems

Vascular dementia has the ability to affect various cognitive functions. Most important of these cognitive functions are memory, attention and executive functions – basically the functions which can influence an individual’s ability to eat independently.

Vascular dementia patients often experience difficulties in coordination, swallowing, and even recognizing the food on the plate in front of them. All of these problems snowball to create significant mealtime challenges.

Let us talk a bit more about these mealtime challenges in vascular dementia in detail in the following lines.

Arguably, the biggest challenge that comes with vascular dementia is that it can alter a person’s sense of taste by a significant factor. This eventually results in a diminished appetite or a complete aversion to familiar foods.

Hence, it becomes quite a challenge for a dementia care specialist to provide adequate nutrition. Then, even if the sense of liking a particular meal is there, individuals often suffer from forgetfulness and disorientation. They often tend to forget to eat, drink or have a lot of difficulty in remembering how to prepare their food in the first place.

Naturally, what then follows is an irregular eating pattern, leading to inadequate nutrition. And lastly, vascular dementia is a dreadful condition in the sense that it can impact the muscles that are involved in swallowing. Hence, the risk of choking and aspiration becomes quite pronounced, resulting in respiratory issues and a reluctance to eat.

Coping With the Challenges

Vascular dementia eating difficulties

As you can see, the challenge in the case of vascular dementia cannot be overlooked easily. But coping with vascular dementia and eating problems isn’t something impossible.

One has to be calm and patient; that is all that matters. Start by creating a structured and supportive mealtime environment. The idea here is to minimize distractions by using the same set of dishes and utensils, maintaining a consistent meal schedule and promoting regular eating habits.

Then modifying the food texture and consistency is also an adaptation that many dementia caregivers adopt. This is particularly useful when a patient suffering from dementia has trouble swallowing food. Purred options that are easier to swallow are the first choice.

However, consultation with a speech therapist and dietitian before switching to this form of meal is important. Also, for the sake of maintaining a sense of dignity and autonomy in individuals suffering from vascular dementia, dementia caregivers often try to encourage feelings of independence in their patients.

Dementia patients are often most comfortable with finger foods and adaptive utensils that they find easy to manage. So, no wonder that caregivers often include them in their routine.

Vascular Dementia Nutrition Management: A Perspective

Coping with eating problems in vascular dementia

There are certain sub-constituents of vascular dementia diet management that we will discuss briefly in the following lines:

Consulting with a registered dietitian is of pivotal importance.

Only a registered dietitian with expertise in dementia care has the ability and patience to create personalized nutrition plans. These nutritional plans meet the dementia patient’s needs and preferences admirably.

The most important part of these plans is to address nutrient deficiencies and support the overall health of the dementia patient in question.

Hydration

Hydration management is often overlooked when dementia specialists are not in charge. Ensuring adequate hydration in vascular dementia patients can solve a lot of problems, such as anxiety and restlessness, partially at the very least. Offer fluids frequently throughout the day, and consider offering water in containers of a patient’s choice.

Nutrient-dense foods

Prioritize nutrient-dense foods to provide essential vitamins and minerals. Here, the idea is to add as many fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats into the diet as possible.

Supplements

In the case of some vascular dementia patients, especially those who suffer from Sundowning dementia, supplements become important for addressing specific nutrient deficiencies. However, one must consult with a healthcare professional or dietitian before introducing any supplements into their daily routine.

Final Thoughts – Vascular Dementia and Eating Problems

Vascular dementia is a massive challenge in the world, where things often become blurry and confusing. But with just a few tweaks in the right direction, this problem can be managed and mitigated.

Vascular dementia and eating problems can be countered by a clever plan, one that is devised on the lines discussed in this brief. If that can be done at an early stage, especially when one spots early signs of dementia in women and men, things can be a lot easy later!

References

Understanding Sundowning Dementia Treatment

Trevor Howitt Blog, Causes ,
Understanding Sundowning Dementia Treatment

Sundowning, or to use its other name, sundown syndrome, is one of the most challenging aspects of dementia that affects many individuals. Basically, when a day transitions into night, dementia patients begin to experience a heightened state of agitation and confusion in this condition. The state of restlessness increases in intensity with every passing hour. Because the condition aggravates the already miserable effects of dementia, researchers have tried their best to find strategies and interventions which can help with this condition. Let us have a look at sundowning dementia treatment plans…

Sundowning Dementia’s Symptoms and Effects

Sundowning Dementia Treatment and Management

It is important to understand the symptoms of sundowning dementia in the first place before we discuss any interventions or strategies to counter it. Usually, this condition is characterized by a set of symptoms that become more pronounced in the later parts of the day. Some of these symptoms include:

Once these symptoms are observed and the presence of sundowning dementia is affirmed, one can move towards appropriate management techniques.

How to Cope with Sundowning Dementia?

Best treatments for sundowning dementia

Ok, so let us talk about sundowning symptoms treatment. The first thing to do in such a situation is to establish a calm and soothing environment during the evening hours. This can help in cutting down the intensity of the symptoms associated with this syndrome.

Some of the things that can be done in this regard include dimming the lights, playing soft music and minimizing noise and distractions. As you can sense, the idea is to minimize anxiety and restlessness.

A consistent daily routine for individuals suffering from dementia is often considered quite important. It goes the same for people suffering from Sundowning dementia. By maintaining this consistent routine, a sense of security can be provided to the patients.

Here is another tip for coping with sundowning in dementia. Dementia care specialists often encourage Sundowning dementia patients to engage in daytime activities and exposure to natural light.

The goal of these exercises is to positively impact sleep patterns and overall well-being. Physical exercises can reduce restlessness and improve sleep quality, thereby minimizing the severity of Sundowning dementia’s symptoms.

Also, vascular dementia and eating problems often require a proper diet for dementia patients; take care of that as well.

Interventions to Consider For Sundowning Dementia Treatment

Sundowning Dementia Treatment

Light therapy:

Talking about sundown syndrome interventions, Light therapy is a technique that involves exposing a patient to bright light during specific periods of the day.

It has been observed that the intervention is quite an effective strategy in regulating circadian rhythms and improving the sleep patterns in individuals suffering from sundowning dementia.

Sleep:

Then, there are melatonin supplements, formulas that can address sleep disturbances in patients suffering from dementia.

However, one must consult their healthcare professional before decision for a melatonin supplement; Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycles. It must be used with great caution and care.

Communication:

It so happens that the patients suffering from sundowning treatment often fall prey to communication disorders. They are often in need of proper and effective communication and chats that can minimize their anxiety and frustration.

Feelings:

Hence, dementia caregivers often rely on such techniques to calm down the patients suffering from Sundowning dementia. Also, validating the feelings and experiences of patients suffering from dementia can prove to be quite instrumental in comforting and reassuring them.

Distracting activities:

Activities such as listening to familiar music or scrolling through a photo album they own are often endorsed by caregivers.

Cognitive behavioral therapy:

We would also like to mention the importance of cognitive behavioral therapy here. This type of therapy, also known as validation therapy sometimes, is considered to be quite effective for individuals suffering from Sundowning dementia.

It so happens that often the behavioral patterns are off the normal routine in such patients. Addressing their emotional problems can often help overcome the challenge of Sundowning dementia.

Talking helps:

If there is a family member or friend that you know suffers from Sundowning dementia, talk to them. Sometimes, their agitation is quite visible as they watch the day transition from dawn to dusk.

Be with them, chat with them, and spend time with them. It is said that our friends are those who stay close to us in periods of darkness; well, you have to be that friend.

Final Thoughts – Sundowning Dementia Treatment 

Coping with sundowning in dementia

That would be all from this brief. As you read in these lines, sundowning dementia presents itself as a unique challenge for both dementia patients and caregivers.

The usual strategies that are employed to counter dementia are somewhat modified in the case of Sundowning dementia treatment. However, the important thing to note here is that it is not something that cannot be tackled.

The best sundowning  dementia treatment includes a clean environment, consistent routine, daytime activities and support during the darkest hours, can create a big difference.

Light therapy and melatonin supplements can also be relied upon. However, a healthcare professional’s opinion must be sought before relying on these techniques.

If all of this is done in a careful and coordinated manner, the life of Sundowning dementia patients can be improved by a great deal!

In fact, if one can keep a lookout for early signs of dementia in women and men, a lot of problems later can be avoided.

 

References

Healthy Diet For Dementia Patients

Trevor Howitt Blog , ,
Diet For Dementia Patients

The importance of a well-balanced diet in managing dementia cannot be denied. It boosts cognitive health and promotes overall well-being. In this brief, we are going to explore the significance of a healthy diet for dementia patients, one that is designed with a special focus on including memory-enhancing foods.

A Guide to a Healthy Diet For Dementia Patients

Understanding the connection between diet and cognitive function helps caregivers create a suitable meal plan for people who suffer from dementia.

How Diet Affects Dementia?

Healthy Diet For Dementia Patients

Nutrition’s impact on cognitive function is well established by research studies. Hence, it makes the dietary choices for patients suffering from dementia extremely important.

There exists certain evidence that suggests that certain dietary patterns can either promote brain health or contribute to cognitive decline.

Hence, if one can make informed food choices at the right time, enhancing memory, focus, and overall brain function seems a lot more realistic than it might otherwise. And in any case, leaving everything to meds is probably not the best idea either!

Brain-healthy nutrition is certainly the way forward.

Components of a Diet for Dementia

Memory-enhancing foods

So, what are the components of a brain-boosting diet?

Well, nutrients that are known to benefit brain health must be in there; at the top of that list are Omega-3 fatty acids. Fatty acids are found in fish like salmon and trout. They have been associated with improved brain functions and a reduced risk of cognitive decline.

Then, the importance of antioxidants such as vitamins C, E and beta-carotene cannot be denied either. Antioxidants protect brain cells from damage that is often caused by free radicals.

Also, don’t forget folate, which is very important for cognitive development and maintenance. Folate is often present in leafy greens and legumes.

Also, dementia patients must drink an adequate amount of fluids throughout the day, even if they don’t express their thirst regularly.

Creating a Dementia-Friendly Diet Plan

Alzheimer's diet

Starting the day with a proper breakfast is important, especially for dementia patients. An example of a nutritious breakfast for dementia patients could be a bowl of oatmeal topped with berries and nuts.

Such a breakfast can serve as a rich source of antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids. If this one sounds a little less appealing, then one can opt for scrambled eggs with spinach and whole grain toast as well, which has enough essential nutrients to start the day properly.

A well-balanced lunch must feature lean proteins, whole grains and vegetables to ensure cognitive support and sustained energy.

A diet for cognitive health, if you will have it that way! So what is it going to be? Well, we would say go with grilled chicken and steamed broccoli. Otherwise, you can fish with quinoa as well.

These types of meals can provide a very nourishing and satisfying meal for dementia patients. The idea is to include foods that are enriched with vitamins and minerals, elements that are so important for overall health and general well-being.

Dinners should be flavorsome and nutritious; the satiety value of a dinner meal must be adequate enough to ensure a proper night’s sleep.

Baked salmon with sweet potatoes and asparagus can provide a combination of brain-boosting nutrients and delicious flavors. The more variety there is, the greater the chance of dementia patients receiving a wide array of nutrients to support their cognitive health.

Special Considerations for Alzheimer ’s disease

Diet for Dementia

Alzheimer’s diet for patients requires special consideration when it comes to nutrition. One of the best options for these patients is a Mediterranean diet. Key elements of a Mediterranean diet include fish, nuts, olive oil and fresh produce.

These elements are linked with a reduced risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. Healthy fats that support brain health are dominantly present in this diet.

It goes without saying that promoting a healthy diet throughout life can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias by a significant factor. Especially for females, the early signs of dementia in women necessitate a switch to a healthy diet for dementia patients straightway.

Final Thoughts – Healthy Diet For Dementia Patients

Well, folks, that would be all from this brief. There are more than 10 million new cases of dementia each year worldwide, indicating one new case every 3.2 seconds.

A healthy diet for dementia patients is essential. A balanced diet that is enriched with fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats can do wonders for long-term brain health, thereby minimizing the risk of dementia.

Of course, dementia care specialists can face plenty of challenges when it comes to providing a dementia diet to patients. Some of these eating problems challenges include difficulties with chewing, swallowing and changes in taste preferences, or in some cases, even a lack of interest in food.

It requires special effort to take care of vascular dementia and eating problems. But if one is patient, creative and flexible, these challenges can be easily overcome.

References

• Dominguez, L. J., & Barbagallo, M. (2018). Nutritional prevention of cognitive decline and dementia. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 89(2), 276–290.
• Gómez-Pinilla F. (2008). Brain foods: the effects of nutrients on brain function. Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 9(7), 568–578.

How to Spot Early Signs of Dementia in Women

Trevor Howitt Blog, Signs ,
Early Signs of Dementia in Women

A progressive neurological disorder which affects millions worldwide, dementia is an issue that can never be taken lightly. Women are highly vulnerable to dementia onset. For caregivers and loved ones, it is important for them to understand the early signs of dementia in women allowing for timely diagnosis and management of the disease.

Both directly and indirectly, women are disproportionately affected by cognitive decline. In this article, we delve into the key signs which indicate the onset of dementia in women.

Early Signs of Dementia in Women

Dementia symptoms in women

Dementia is not a normal part of the aging process. Recognizing the early signs can help improve the quality of life for the affected people. Some of these signs may manifest in women as follows:

  1. Women with dementia may find remembering the most recent events difficult. From struggling to remember recent conversations to failing to recall events in the recent past, women with dementia often tend to forget the essential details.
  2. Problem-solving becomes a challenge for women who have dementia as well. And here, we refer to problems such as following a recipe for pasta or paying the utility bill at a time. Concentrating on a problem and making timely decisions about it becomes a challenge for poor souls.
  3. The ability to express and communicate coherently is significantly hampered in people with dementia. Women who fall prey to this neurological disorder often struggle to find the right words and phrases necessary for proper communication.
  4. Common early signs of dementia in women include:
  • Disorientation
  • Confusion
  • Changes in mood & personality
  • Overall decline in judgement

Cognitive Decline in Women

Memory loss in elderly women

There is a particular pattern of cognitive decline in women who have dementia. Understanding this pattern can help a lot in identifying potential dementia.

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a condition characterized by mild memory and cognitive issues, is experienced by some women before the full onset of dementia. MCI is noticeable but not severe enough to significantly interfere with daily life.

Women who suffer from MCI are at a higher risk of developing dementia later. It is pertinent to mention here that monitoring these cognitive changes can be instrumental in detecting the transition to dementia.

Memory Loss in Elderly Women

Are all memory lapses because of dementia? Certainly not, which is why it is essential to characterize the memory lapse related dementia symptoms in women.

Dementia-related memory loss is quite severe; it can significantly affect and hamper the quality of life. From forgetting crucial appointments and calls to struggling to recall crucial information.

In comparison, regular age-related memory changes are not this severe. From misplacing items occasionally to forgetting the names of a person or place, age-related memory loss is rarely a cause for concern.

Dementia Warning Signs for Females

Recognizing dementia in women

Timely medical attention and support are possible if the early signs of dementia in women can be identified. Because women with dementia find it hard to complete daily tasks, they begin to shy away from them, consciously or subconsciously.

So keeping an eye on something like this is one way of recognizing if things are going south. In some instances, withdrawal isn’t limited to the kitchen only. Social withdrawal, i.e. abstaining from social gatherings, losing interest in hobbies and saying no thanks to parties because of the embarrassment associated with cognitive difficulties, is common in women with dementia.

And last but not least, impaired visual perception, i.e. difficulty in judging distance or identifying colors and contrasts, is also a significant dementia warning sign for females. One realizes the magnitude of the problem when viewed in the scope of activities requiring proper visual ability, such as reading or driving.

Recognizing Dementia in Women

Spotting Early Signs of Dementia in Women

Let us try to tabulate what we have learned in this brief:

  • Spotting dementia in women is vital for early intervention and caregiving.
  • It is imperative to look out for early signs like memory lapses, difficulty completing tasks, and issues with coherence.
  • Women with dementia may are often prone to disorientation and personality changes, memory loss in elderly women is common as well.
  • Attention to dementia warning signs for females such as mood swings, social withdrawal, and impaired judgment is crucial.
  • After recognizing dementia in women, seeking professional evaluation and support is the way forward. Discussing these issues with a dementia care specialist can help a lot. For example, the patient might be in need of Sundowning dementia treatment, which requires a precise approach to the problem.
  • Early diagnosis allows for improved quality of life for women living with dementia.
  • Stay vigilant, and offer empathy and understanding to those experiencing cognitive decline.
  • With timely recognition, appropriate care and assistance can be provided. Diet for dementia patient, especially issues such as vascular dementia and eating problems are something that must be left to the experts only.

Early Signs of Dementia in Women – Final Thoughts

So there we are. Women experience higher disability-adjusted life years and mortality due to dementia, however, they also provide 70% of care hours for people living with dementia.

Hopefully, these lines helped you identify the major ways dementia can affect women. On that optimistic note, we bid you farewell from this – early signs of dementia in women – brief.

Why see a Dementia Neurologist?

Trevor Howitt Blog, Resources , ,
Dementia Neurologist for diagnosis

The first step for most people who have growing concerns about the changes in the memory and behaviour of their loved one is to see their family GP, but as they are not specialists in neurology, the next step is usually a referral to a Dementia Neurologist.

This stage, can be quite an emotional time for the family as it feels that so much is at stake. Some query the necessity of seeing a Dementia doctor at all, but to do so can bring you the answers you crave and the support you will need.

Release in your mind, who your loved one used to be and accept who they are today… J Rusknak Phd

Neurologist for dementia evaluation

Neurologist for dementia evaluationA Neurologist is a doctor who specializes in disorders of the brain, diseases of the spinal cord and the body’s nervous system. They are highly trained doctors who know how to spot the subtle changes in the brain that could be causing memory problems.

It is important to take this next step so that you can get a firm diagnosis and can fully understand the options available for your loved one.

Although research into dementia is moving at a swift pace, there is no cure – as yet – but there are a variety of treatments that can reduce the symptoms. This is important because it will help your loved one maintain the best possible quality of life.

As Carol Thatcher, daughter of ex UK Prime minister, Margaret explained –

‘ Sufferers look and act the same, but beneath the familiar exterior, something quite different is going on. They are in another world and you cannot enter it’…                    Carol Thatcher

It is for this reason, that it can be so beneficial to spend time with a dementia neurologist who can give you a firm diagnosis, guide you with choosing the best treatment plan and also be there to answer your questions so that you can learn and understand more about this increasingly common brain disorder.

The World Health Organisation has stated that 55 million people worldwide have dementia and that Alzheimer disease may contribute to 60-70% of cases.

Dementia neurologist expert.

Dementia assessmentAlthough all neurologists can evaluate and diagnose your loved one, if you can be referred to a Dementia neurology, this is even better.

These doctors (who are usually Consultants) specialise in dementia and are really interested in all the latest trials taking place and the new treatments being offered. As well as conducting the necessary tests to confirm the medical condition, the neurology expert can then give some good advice and guide you to make the right decision regarding your loved one.

Importantly, they also fully understand that the diagnosis of dementia will affect all the family and the different emotions involved.

Find a dementia specialist

Dementia care neurologistIf you can arrange through your GP to see a dementia specialist, this will be a huge advantage. These specialists are well aware of what is currently being learnt about dementia.

Scientists have uncovered so much valuable information recently, and because of their specialisation in this field, the dementia specialist will be keeping abreast of all the latest research and the many medical trials.

This is truly invaluable, and something that the family doctor cannot possibly do. General neurologists can certainly perform the medical evaluation, but they too are not ideal as they do not specialise in dementia.

If you have a friend with dementia, it is well worth asking their partner to recommend their dementia neurology expert so that you can make a little research and ask your GP to refer your loved one to them.

Dementia Neurologist for diagnosis

Dementia NeurologistIt is crucial to have someone experienced to conduct the tests on your loved one. The dementia Consultants are experienced in a variety of different cognitive disorders. The most common, is dementia which is a group of diseases that affect memory, thinking skills and ability to complete normal daily tasks.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type, but other disorders include frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson’s, mild cognitive impairment and primary progressive aphasia – amongst others.

 

Dementia assessment

The dementia neurologist will spend time talking with you to establish a detailed history of your loved one’s problems – the more in-depth with information you can provide, the better. A number of cognitive functions change in a person with dementia over a period of time and the specialist will be asking you about your loved one’s –

  • The importance of using a dementia neurologistMemory
  • Language
  • Numerical skills
  • Thinking and problem solving
  • Visual perception
  • Any personality changes

Although this may seem very daunting, this appointment can be made much easier if you make notes for each of the above headings to take with you to the appointment.

Sometimes, there may be enough material provided, but usually the dementia specialist will want to conduct some brain scans, a lumbar puncture or neuropsychological assessment so they can make an accurate diagnosis.

Although these all sound quite scary, each of these will be explained to you fully in advance and a follow up appointment will be arranged. It also comes as a relief to the various challenges and changes explained to you by an experienced doctor, who very understanding and will answer all your questions.

Dementia care neurologist

Following the diagnosis, the dementia neurologist may well want to see your loved one on a regular basis. Alternatively, you will be put in contact with the dementia specialist nurse. Although this is an extremely difficult time for you and your family, you will find that there is a great deal of support.

You will be given plenty of information, practical advice and local support groups to contact either by your dementia specialist or their nurse.

In addition,  it is a comforting feeling to know that they are at the end of the telephone, should you have any queries. As the disease progresses, you will also be given practical support too, which is invaluable.

Dementia Neurologist – Final Thoughts

Caring for a loved one with dementia is certainly challenging and comes with a feeling of loss, but how you approach these changes in your loved one makes all the difference and it is essential to work with an experienced dementia care neurologist who specialises in this brain disorder as this really can make all the difference.

Specialist Dementia Care Homes [Quick Guide]

Trevor Howitt Blog, Resources
Specialist Dementia Care Homes

Specialist dementia care homes are designed for people with dementia. The buildings are usually purpose built and extremely well-designed. The members of staff are highly trained and experienced and will do their best to ensure that your loved one is kept as comfortable as possible and efforts will be made to try and reduce their symptoms wherever possible. The most reassuring point is that safety is top priority in all specialist dementia care homes.

Specialist Dementia Care Homes

Care Homes for Dementia PatientsSpecialist dementia care homes can either be residential or day-care centres. They are cleverly designed to create a warm, friendly environment that will quickly become familiar to your loved one.

The aim is for the dementia patient to be able to enjoy the best level of independence and for you, their carer, to feel happy and confident that your loved one is being really well cared for.

Although you will naturally have very mixed emotions when it comes to the time that your loved one goes to the home – even if it is for a short time to familiarise them with it, in case they need to stay there if you fall ill or are hospitalised – it will be easier for you if you know more about specialist dementia care homes.

When your loved one first goes to the home

Specialist Dementia Care Homes When a person with dementia first goes to the home, the members of staff are keen to spend time with their carer. This is so they can understand the dementia patient’s life story. By doing so they can create a treatment plan that is individually tailored to their needs.

Another big bonus for them is that they can use the information they have gleaned about the dementia patient to start conversation with them and encourage reminiscing as many dementia patients still have some long term memory.

How are dementia care facilities designed?

Specialist dementia care homes are usually purpose built facilities. They provide excellent care in comfortable surroundings. These facilities are very carefully designed so that their dementia residents find them welcoming and familiar as this reduces stress and anxiety.

  • The clever use of color

Dementia Care FacilitiesWhen memory care homes are being designed, the use of colour plays a key role. Different colours are used for different areas, walls and doors to help the dementia residents to move around more easily and confidently. This reduces their level of anxiety.

Different areas are clearly defined and there is usually excellent signage. These all help the residents find their way around. The furniture used throughout is well designed, comfortable and dementia-friendly.

  • Carefully designed lighting

With safety as the top consideration, lighting in Alzheimer care residences is given careful consideration. The lighting system is usually very sophisticated as many dementia patients suffer ‘late day confusion’ as dusk falls and can become confused, agitated and even aggressive.

Scientists have found that if the level of lighting is changed very gradually there is no negative impact on dementia patients. Yet the lighting will have slowly become subdued to help signal that bedtime is approaching.

  • Maintaining individuality

Each dementia patient has their own dedicated room. You will be encouraged to personalise it for your loved one. All homes have a name plate by the door and often a photograph, but some specialist dementia care homes also have a display cabinet that can be personalised with photographs, postcards, certain colours and cute cuddly toys – whatever familiar belongings your loved one would like to see.

Gardens that stimulate the senses

Gardens for Dementia PatientsAs well as having easy access within the home, it is important that dementia residents can freely move around the garden.

The garden is carefully designed to be flat with broad paths and plenty of seating areas. Many of the gardens are sensory gardens with plants, shrubs and herbs that stimulate the senses with their colours, fragrances and touch.

In some homes, there are sections in the garden where dementia patients can be helped to grow their own flowers and vegetables. This gives them much satisfaction and sense of achievement.

  • Security to keep dementia patients safe

Because of the nature of dementia, whilst it is important that residents feel free to move around the home and gardens as they wish, the main doors and gates leading outside the centre are securely controlled – usually using a security code keypad to open them.

Specialist dementia care homes- staff

Dementia Care Home StaffThe key component in a specialist dementia care home is its staff. Staff members take a keen interest in all the patients and know each patient’s likes and dislikes, family history and recent experiences.

They have been specially trained to cope with the unpredictable nature of dementia and many receive ongoing training to keep abreast of changes in care and the results of the latest research.

Dementia nurses understand the importance of clear sensitive communication with the dementia patient and their family.

They encourage dementia patients with a variety of daytime activities and have experience in handling difficult situations and restoring the calm. They also closely monitor any changes in dementia patients and will openly discuss these with the patient’s family.

Other types of senior living for dementia patients

While there are a number of specialist dementia care homes, many care homes do not fully specialise in the care of dementia patients but have a dementia care unit which is a separate section, floor or wing in the home.

This wing cares for residents with advanced dementia or Alzheimer’s and who are frail or have severe symptoms. The nurses in these units are also highly trained in dementia care.

If you care for your loved one at home, it can be difficult to accept that their dementia is worsening and that they need a higher level of care than you give.

You may well be feeling guilty that you have such thoughts, but if you speak to any specialist dementia nurse they will reassure you that there does come a time when no matter how much time and effort you put in, it becomes increasingly difficult – and frankly exhausting- to try and meet the increasing needs of your loved one.

Specialist Dementia Care Homes – Final Thoughts

Find the right care home is not always easy and can take time. Whether it is a specialist dementia care home or one with a dedicated section for dementia patients, it is important to make several visits and ask many questions to ensure it is going to be suitable.

Easy Meals for Dementia Patients (Guide)

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Easy Meals for Dementia Patients 2

A nourishing balanced diet is important for keeping the body strong and healthy. This is definitely the case for dementia patients as poor nutrition can lead to various medical problems. These include lack of lower body strength making movement a challenge, weight loss and sometimes, an increase in behavioural symptoms. For older carers, trying to prepare tempting meals for loved ones isn’t always easy, so it makes sense to prepare easy meals for dementia patients that are tasty and simple to make…

‘Our food should be our medicine and our medicine should be our food’ Hippocrates

What are the basic guidelines for meals for dementia patients?

Giving your loved one a balanced diet can really boost their health. There has been plenty of research into nutrition for dementia patients and it has been found to make all the difference to the dementia patients’ level of fitness and body strength, which in turn helps maintain their quality of life.

As well as a well-balanced diet, it is important that dementia patients exercise as much as possible. Dementia patients usually find eating small, regular meals and snacks is easier than tackling large plates of food.

Sometimes differences in visual and spatial abilities can make it difficult for them to recognise certain foods. Food needs to be tempting with different colours, textures, and smells. Sometimes medication can affect your loved one’s appetite.

This can either be a change in medication, or in the dosage, and it is best to keep a close eye on things and if the problem hasn’t resolved after a week- ten days, it is good to speak with your GP.

If you find that your loved one is having problems swallowing, or is changing their eating habits, it is well worth seeking professional guidance.

A good balanced diet for dementia patients includes:

balanced diet for dementia patients

  • Plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables
  • Whole grains and pulses
  • Lean meats and fresh fish
  • Low-fat dairy products

Keeping your loved one hydrated is very important. Small drinks should be offered throughout the day – water and sugar-free drinks are ideal. A couple of cups of coffee and tea- without added sugar – are fine too.

Types of food to limit:

Types of food not good for dementia patients

  • Foods with high levels of saturated fats such as fatty cuts of meat and butter as these are bad for the heart.
  • Reduce sugar intake. Refined sugars are full of calories and low in vitamins and minerals. Try sweetening foods with a little honey or unsweetened fruit juice.
  • Salt is added to many foods and is certainly in all ready meals as it is known to enhance the flavour. Try to add no salt to your cooking and use herbs and spices to enhance flavours.

 

Dementia-friendly mealtimes

tempting easy meals for dementia patientsAs well as offering smaller meals, it is important to check that your loved one feels comfortable at the table and that their chair is at the correct height and distance from the table. Before you serve the meal, check it is the correct temperature and not too hot

Make sure there are no distractions such as the television and keep the table setting simple but attractive. Dementia patients can find it tricky to distinguish the food on patterned plates and tablemats.

It is far better to opt for a plain coloured placeman/ tablecloth and white plate and do not lay their place setting with too many pieces of cutlery. Never try to hurry the meal.

  • Eating is a social occasion so try to share a meal together

Easy-to-make recipes for dementia patients

It is best to choose recipes that use just a few ingredients and are quick to complete. If it is possible, involve your loved one in the meal preparation such as cleaning vegetables or measuring amounts.

Always opt for fresh seasonal produce where possible and think about serving raw foods. Carrot, celery and cucumber matchsticks are perfect with a dip such as Tzatziki, hummus or guacamole. Many dementia patients find it easier to eat finger foods and it is the ideal way to serve small portions.

10 nutritious and easy meals for individuals with dementia:

Simple recipes for dementia patients

  • A bowl of salad with some prawns, pieces of salmon, smoked trout, cold chopped chicken or chipolata tossed in.
  • Pasta and prawns – cook prawns with a little garlic and mixed herbs for a few minutes and serve on a bed of warm pasta shapes.
  • Omelette – eggs are nutritious and quick and adding some pre-cooked or leftover vegetables to an omelette makes a tasty meal.
  • Scrambled egg tastes extra good if mushroom, grated cheese, chopped ham or sweetcorn are added.
  • Jacket potato with melted cheese or pesto.
  • Easy baked salmon – place a piece on salmon on a greased piece of tin foil. Top with a chopped tomato and half a chopped onion. Bake at 200°C for 20 minutes.
  • A small individual pizza topped with sliced mushrooms, ham and cheese (muffins can be used as the base and topped with tomato paste, grated cheese, olives etc. and cooked at 200°C for 5 minutes).
  • A mini stir fry made with chopped aubergine (eggplant), chopped courgette, half a chopped onion and chopped green pepper, cooked in a little olive oil.
  • Fresh fruit salad with a spoonful of plain yoghurt on top.
  • Apple sauce with a sprinkle of cinnamon and topped with ice cream makes a tasty pudding.

There are plenty of websites for inspiration for dementia-friendly meal ideas:-
https://www.aplaceformom.com/caregiver-resources/articles/easy-recipes-for-senior-nutrition

https://livingmaples.com/mag/soft-foods-for-alzheimers-and-dementia-patients/

Smoothie – one of the best recipes for dementia patients

If your loved one finds eating some foods a little tricky and prefers soft foods, making a colourful nutritious smoothie can be the perfect answer as the smoothie looks colourful and is easy to drink.

The smoothie can be made using fresh seasonal fruits or you can keep a bag of frozen fruits in the freezer, with no need to defrost them!

Pop a chopped banana, handful of berries (fresh or frozen) a pot of natural yoghurt and two tablespoons of milk into an electric blender and whizz until smooth.

If your loved one likes a slightly sweeter tasting smoothie, add a spoonful of smooth peanut butter.

Making a smoothie is a very tempting easy meal for dementia patients!

Easy Meals for Dementia Patients – Final Thoughts

It is important that you prepare hassle-free meals for the elderly with dementia as there is a chance that your chosen dish may not be a big hit with your loved one. This is not as disappointing as if you had spent more time preparing it.

If your loved one doesn’t want to eat a particular dish, leave it a little while, enhance the flavour with some herbs or spices if you can and try again….

 

Dental Treatment for Dementia Patients

Trevor Howitt Blog , ,
Dental Care for Memory-impaired Patients

Your smile is a powerful form of communication and reassurance to your loved one and they may well respond by smiling back, or maybe you will be rewarded with an unexpected smile when they have appreciated something you have said to them. In this guide we cover what you need to know about dental treatment for dementia patients.

Nothing you wear is more important than your smile                                Connie Stevens

It really is important to keep on top of the dental healthcare of dementia patients and to have their teeth regularly checked by a dentist as they many well not be able to explain to you that their teeth, gums or dentures are hurting them.

Dental Treatment for Dementia Patients

What dental treatment could be needed for dementia?

Dental Treatment for Dementia PatientsRegular dental treatment for dementia patients can highlight a variety of dental problems that they might not be able to explain but could be causing them pain, anxiety and loss of appetite.

A common problem is that sugar-based medication is bad for teeth and could be causing teeth decay if your loved one is not cleaning their teeth twice a day.

Another common problem found in dementia patients is that they have reduced saliva production.

An adequate amount of saliva is essential as it keeps the mouth clean, helping to prevent tooth decay and mouth ulcers.

Sometimes a reduction in saliva is caused by medication and in other cases, it is changes in brain function that has reduced saliva production.

During the middle and late stages of dementia, the oral health of your loved one may well decline as they forget to brush their teeth or do not do so adequately and it is extra important for you to keep an eye to ensure that they dental hygiene is maintained.

Dentistry for Alzheimer’s patients

Dementia and oral health solutionsIt is important to choose the dentist who treats your loved one carefully. Perhaps your family dentist is ideal and has experience of working with dementia patients and the elderly.

If they are happy to continue seeing your loved one that is great, but if they are reluctant or unsure, ask them if they can recommend a dentist who has had specialist training in geriatric dental treatment for dementia.

These dentists use various techniques to help put patients at ease and can offer different treatment options that could suit your loved one better. The cost of seeing a ‘dementia-friendly- dentist’ is usually no greater.

Dental care for memory-impaired patients

Dental care for dementia patientsPeople with dementia are prone to tooth decay and gum disease because their oral hygiene can be challenging and they cannot explain if their teeth or gums are feeling sore or hot and cold sensitive.

Your loved one needs to clean their teeth gently twice a day . They need to brush their teeth, gums and tongue. The final clean of the day should be after dinner and their bedtime meds.

Dentures should be rinsed well after every meal and brushed once a day to remove any particles of food. They should then be left to soak overnight in denture cleaner.

Once your loved one has removed their dentures, they need to clean their gums and tongue using a very soft toothbrush.

The best toothbrushes for dementia patients

Many dementia patients find it easier to brush their teeth with a children’s toothbrush as it is smaller and more manoeuvrable and the bristles are softer. In contrast, many do not like the sound of an electric toothbrush.

Giving help with dental care

Dental care for people with dementiaYou may find that your loved one may have forgotten how to clean their teeth.

Show them how by cleaning your teeth, or explain how to in short clear and very accurate sentences. You may be able to place your hand over theirs as they hold the toothbrush to guide them.

  • Sit with your loved one when they clean their teeth.
  • Squeeze a pea-sized amount of toothpaste on their brush.
  • Guide them how to clean all their teeth and then their tongue.
  • Encourage them to spit out the toothpaste when they have finished.
  • Do not rinse out their mouth as there will be a protective film of toothpaste left on their teeth.
  • Remember to replace the toothbrush every three months.

Dentists do recommend the regular use of dental floss too, but this could be ‘a bridge too far’….

It is important that your loved one does not become unhappy and agitated. If they do, try cleaning their teeth again later.

Spotting potential dental problems

Although your loved one may not be able to explain that they have a dental problem, some of their actions will, so it is good to watch out for any of the following and book a dental appointment if needed.

  • Your loved one grimaces when eating.
  • Their teeth appear to be hot and cold sensitive.
  • Their gums bleed when brushed ( this can indicate plaque, but if the bleeding continues for more than ten days, visit your dentist).
  • A tooth becomes loose.
  • Dentures appear to be fitting badly.

Dementia and oral health solutions

Teeth health for dementia patientsMaintaining good oral hygiene can be challenging, but there are some foods and drinks that help keep teeth clean too and minimising your loved one’s sugar intact will be beneficial too.

  • Give your loved one plenty of water to drink throughout the day.
  • Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables – carrots, celery and apple are particularly good for teeth.
  • Offer a savoury cracker, pitta bread or rice cake with sugar-free spread for a snack.
  • Plain yoghurt is better for teeth than sweetened ones.
  • Avoid fruit squashes and fizzy drinks.

Dental Treatment for Dementia Patients- Final Thoughts

Do try and continue regular dental check-ups for as long as possible. When you visit the dentist take a list of your loved one’s medication with you. Certain medicines can cause oral health issues, such as having a dry mouth.

If you do detect that your loved one does have a dental problem, don’t hesitate to contact your dentist. It is important to give dental treatment for dementia patients to provide the appropriate oral care.

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