Blog - ReaDementia

Cognitive Test for Dementia: Detect Early

Trevor Howitt Blog, Signs May 6, 2023May 6, 2023Clock test, Dementia Test, MMSE, MoCA, SAGE

The intention of this article is to assist our readers with selecting a cognitive test for dementia.

Dementia is a complex condition and can have many different causes and symptoms. There are various cognitive tests and assessments that healthcare professionals may use as a preliminary evaluation of a person’s cognitive abilities indicating that they may have dementia.

The primary tests include:
• Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). A widely used test that evaluates cognitive function in areas such as memory, attention, and language.

• Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A screening tool designed to detect mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia.

• Clock Drawing Test (CDT). A simple test that assesses a person’s ability to perceive and reproduce a visual stimulus, which can give insight into cognitive abilities such as spatial awareness and executive function.

• Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE). A brief, self-administered tool designed to detect early signs of cognitive, memory, and thinking impairments in older adults.

We discuss each of these tests in greater depth further into this article.

Note: no single cognitive test for dementia can definitively diagnose dementia. A thorough evaluation by a qualified medical professional is necessary to determine a diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

The Importance of Early Diagnosis in Dementia

Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease are progressive brain disorders that affects memory, thinking, behavior, and emotion. It is a leading cause of disability and dependency amongst the elderly. Early detection of dementia is essential for the following reasons:

Accurate diagnosis

Early detection allows for an accurate diagnosis of the type of dementia a person is experiencing. This can guide appropriate treatment and care.

Access to treatment

Some types of dementia can be treated or managed with medications and other therapies. Early detection allows for timely access to these treatments, which can improve quality of life and slow the progression of the disease.

Better planning

Early detection allows individuals and their loved ones to plan ahead, making necessary lifestyle changes, and putting legal and financial affairs in order while the person with early cognitive decline is still able to participate in decision-making.

Improved support

Early diagnosis allows for the provision of appropriate support and services to the person with dementia and their family, such as counseling, education, and caregiver training.

Research

Early detection supports research efforts to better understand dementia, develop new treatments, and improve care for people with the disease.

Overall, early detection of dementia is crucial for improving outcomes for people with the disease and their loved ones, as well as for advancing our knowledge and understanding of this complex condition.

4 Common Cognitive Tests for Dementia

1. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

The Mini-Mental State Examination is a cognitive screening tool designed to assess cognitive function in adults. The test consists of a series of questions and tasks that evaluate various cognitive domains. These include: orientation, attention, memory, language, and visuospatial skills.

The MMSE takes approximately 10-15 minutes to administer and is scored out of 30. Higher scores indicate better cognitive function.

The test has been used extensively in clinical and research settings and considered a reliable and valid measure of cognitive function.

The MMSE is not a definitive diagnostic tool for dementia and should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures.

Additionally, some limitations of the MMSE include potential cultural and educational biases, which may affect the accuracy of the test results in some populations.

Link to the MMSE Test.

2. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment is a cognitive screening tool that was developed as an alternative to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

It assesses various cognitive domains that include: attention, memory, language, visuospatial skills, and executive function.

This cognitive test for dementia consists of 30 items, and a score of 26 or higher out of 30 is considered normal. Allow 10-15 minutes to administer.

The MoCA is more sensitive than the MMSE in detecting mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia. It is therefore becoming increasingly popular in clinical and research settings.

The MoCA has also been translated into multiple languages and has been proven in a variety of populations, making it a useful test for assessing dementia in diverse populations.

However, like all cognitive tests, the MoCA should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures and not be used as a sole basis for a dementia diagnosis.

Download MoCA PDF.

3. Clock Drawing Test (CDT)

The Clock Drawing Test is a widely used cognitive screening tool designed to detect early signs of cognitive impairment and dementia.

It assesses visuospatial and executive function by requiring the patient to draw a clock face from memory and set the time to a specific hour.

The test evaluates different aspects of clock drawing, including the placement and size of the numbers, hands, and clock face.

Scoring is based on a variety of factors. These include placement, size, and symmetry. The CDT can be a stand-alone test or used in combination with other cognitive tests. It has been shown to be a sensitive and specific measure of cognitive impairment in dementia.

The test has some limitations, such as the possibility of cultural and educational biases. It should also be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of cognitive function in individuals with suspected dementia.

Clock drawing Cognitive Test PDF.

4. Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE)

The Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam is a brief, self-administered screening tool that assesses various cognitive domains. These domains include orientation, language, memory, visuospatial abilities, executive function, and social cognition.

The SAGE takes approximately 15-20 minutes to complete and consists of 12 questions.

This cognitive test for dementia is designed to be easily administered and scored by individuals with no formal training in cognitive testing.

The SAGE has proven to be a reliable and valid measure of cognitive function in older adults. It is a useful tool for identifying early signs of cognitive impairment and dementia.

This test has the added benefit of being self-administered, allowing individuals to assess their own cognitive function in the comfort of their own home.

Individuals can download and print a PDF of the test for administering.

Like all cognitive tests, the SAGE should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures and should not be used as a sole basis for a dementia diagnosis.

Download the SAGE test.

Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE)		Clock Drawing Test (CDT)	Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE)
Cognitive screening tool	Cognitive screening tool	Cognitive screening tool	Brief, self-administered cognitive screening tool
Used to assess cognitive function in adults	Developed as an alternative to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)	Assesses visuospatial and executive function	Assesses various cognitive domains: orientation, language, memory, visuospatial abilities, executive function, and social cognition
Consists of a series of questions and tasks	Assesses various cognitive domains: attention, memory, language, visuospatial skills, and executive function	Requires the individual to draw a clock face from memory and set the time to a specific hour	Consists of 12 questions
Evaluates various cognitive domains: orientation, attention, memory, language, and visuospatial skills	Consists of 30 items	Used to detect early signs of cognitive impairment and dementia	Takes approximately 15-20 minutes to complete
Takes approximately 10-15 minutes to administer	Takes approximately 10-15 minutes to administer	Evaluates various aspects of clock drawing, including placement and size of numbers, hands, and clock face	Designed to be easily administered and scored by individuals with no formal training in cognitive testing
Scored out of 30 points	A score of 26 or higher out of 30 is considered normal	Scores are based on a variety of factors, including placement, size, and symmetry	Reliable and valid measure of cognitive function in older adults
Higher scores indicate better cognitive function	More sensitive than the MMSE in detecting mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia	Can be used alone or in combination with other cognitive tests	Useful tool for identifying early signs of cognitive impairment and dementia
Reliable and valid measure of cognitive function	Validated in a variety of populations	Has been shown to be a sensitive and specific measure of cognitive impairment in dementia	Self-administered, allowing individuals to assess their own cognitive function in the comfort of their own home
Used extensively in clinical and research settings	Translated into multiple languages	Has some limitations, such as the possibility of cultural and educational biases	To be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures
To be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures	Useful for assessing cognitive function in diverse populations	To be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures	Not to be used as a sole basis for a dementia diagnosis
Not a definitive diagnostic tool for dementia	To be used in conjunction with other diagnostic measures
Potential cultural and educational biases should be considered	Not to be used as a sole basis for a dementia diagnosis

How a Cognitive Test for Dementia Works

Cognitive tests are tools used to assess a person’s cognitive function. This includes a variety of mental processes such as attention, memory, language, and visual-spatial ability.

These tests are designed to evaluate cognitive strengths and weaknesses, identify areas of impairment or decline, and help in the diagnosis of cognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease.

5 Cognitive Domains Assessed by These Tests:

1. Orientation: Assesses awareness of time, place, and person, and their ability to recognize and recall important details about their surroundings.
2. Attention: Assesses ability to focus and sustain attention on specific tasks or stimuli, and their ability to shift attention between different tasks or stimuli.
3. Memory: ability to encode, store, and retrieve information, including both short-term and long-term memory.
4. Language: Assesses ability to communicate effectively, including their ability to understand and use language, express themselves verbally and in writing, and comprehend spoken and written language.
5. Visual-spatial ability: Assesses ability to perceive and manipulate visual information, including their ability to recognize and interpret shapes, sizes, and spatial relationships.

Cognitive tests typically evaluate these domains through a variety of tasks, such as recalling a list of words, naming objects or pictures, drawing a clock face, or following complex instructions. By assessing a person’s performance on these tasks, these tests can provide valuable insights into their cognitive abilities and identify potential areas of impairment or decline.

Interpreting Cognitive Test Results

Interpreting cognitive test results requires a thorough understanding of the specific test being used, as well as the person’s medical history, current symptoms, and other diagnostic information.

Health professionals, such as psychiatrists, neurologists, and neuropsychologists, are typically responsible for interpreting cognitive test results.

When interpreting results, doctors consider a range of factors, including:

Test scores

The individual’s scores on each test provide important information about their cognitive abilities and can help identify areas of strength and weakness.

Age and education level

Age and education level can have a significant impact on cognitive function. Test results are often interpreted in the context of the person’s age and education level.

Medical history

The individual’s medical history, including any previous diagnoses or treatment for cognitive impairment or dementia, can provide important context for interpreting test results.

Symptoms

The individual’s current symptoms and level of functioning can provide important insights into the severity and nature of their cognitive impairment.

Other diagnostic information

Cognitive test results are typically interpreted in conjunction with other diagnostic information such as imaging studies or laboratory tests. In doing so, a more comprehensive understanding of the individual’s cognitive function is established.

Scoring Systems for Various Cognitive Tests

Scoring systems for cognitive tests vary depending on the specific test being used. Here are some examples of how cognitive tests are scored:

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

The MMSE assesses several cognitive domains, including orientation, attention, memory, language, and visual-spatial ability.

The test consists of a series of questions, and each question is assigned a score based on the individual’s response.
The maximum possible score on the MMSE is 30. A score of 24 or lower indicating possible cognitive impairment.

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

The MoCA assesses similar cognitive domains to the MMSE, but includes more complex tasks and measures.
The test consists of a series of questions, and each question is assigned a score based on the individual’s response.

The maximum possible score on the MoCA is 30. A score of 26 or lower indicating possible cognitive impairment.

Clock Drawing Test (CDT)

The CDT assesses visual-spatial ability and executive function. The individual is asked to draw a clock face with specific instructions, and the drawing is assigned a score based on accuracy and completeness.

The test is typically scored on a 6-point scale, with lower scores indicating greater impairment.

Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE)

The SAGE assesses several cognitive domains, including orientation, language, memory, visuospatial abilities, executive function, and social cognition.

The test consists of a series of questions, and each question is assigned a score based on the individual’s response.

The maximum possible score on the SAGE is 22. A score of 14 or lower indicating possible cognitive impairment.

Generally, cognitive tests are scored based on the individual’s performance on specific tasks or questions, with lower scores indicating greater impairment.

Test scores should be interpreted in the context of the individual’s age, education level, medical history, and other diagnostic information to provide a comprehensive understanding of their cognitive function.

Diagnoses and Treatment Plans

Cognitive test results are used to help diagnose and develop treatment plans for people with early dementia. Here are some ways that test results are used in diagnosis and treatment planning:

Diagnosis

Results of a cognitive test for dementia can help healthcare professionals diagnose early dementia.

Tests such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE) are commonly used to assess cognitive function and identify potential areas of impairment.

Based on the test results and other diagnostic information, healthcare professionals can make a diagnosis of early dementia.

Severity Assessment

Cognitive test results can help healthcare professionals assess the severity of early dementia.

Scores on tests such as the MMSE, MoCA, and SAGE can be used to measure the extent of cognitive impairment and track changes in cognitive function over time.

This information can help healthcare professionals develop treatment plans that are tailored to the individual’s needs.

Treatment planning

Test results can help healthcare professionals develop individualized treatment plans for people with early dementia.

Treatment plans may include medication to manage symptoms, cognitive rehabilitation therapy to improve cognitive function, and lifestyle modifications to promote overall health and well-being.

The specific treatment plan will depend on the individual’s test results, medical history, and other diagnostic information.

Monitoring

Test results can also help healthcare professionals monitor the progression of early dementia over time.

Regular testing can help track changes in cognitive function and adjust treatment plans as needed.

By providing a comprehensive assessment of cognitive function, test results help healthcare professionals develop individualized treatment plans that address the unique needs of each person with early dementia.

Limitations of Cognitive Tests for Dementia

While cognitive tests can be useful in assessing cognitive function and identifying potential areas of impairment, there are limitations to their use in diagnosing dementia. Here are some limitations to consider:

Cultural and linguistic biases

Some tests may have cultural and linguistic biases that can impact test performance. For example, tests that rely heavily on language may be more difficult for individuals who speak a different language or have a different cultural background.

Education Level

Tests may be less accurate with people with lower education levels, as some questions may be more difficult for those with less formal education.

Learning Effect

Individuals may improve their performance on cognitive tests with repeated testing, which can make it difficult to accurately assess changes in cognitive function over time.

Comorbid Conditions

Some medical conditions, such as depression or anxiety, can impact test performance and may need to be considered in the diagnostic process.

Lack of Sensitivity

Some tests may not be sensitive enough to detect early stages of dementia or subtle changes in cognitive function.

It’s important to consider these limitations when interpreting cognitive test results, and to use a combination of tests and other diagnostic information to make a diagnosis of dementia.

Cognitive Test for Dementia – Final Thoughts

Early detection of dementia is crucial for effective management and treatment of the condition. Cognitive tests play a vital role in detecting early signs of cognitive impairment.

People who suspect they or someone they know may be experiencing cognitive decline should seek professional medical advice as soon as possible. This could include talking to a primary care physician or a specialist in cognitive disorders.

Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow the progression of dementia and improve quality of life for both the individual and their caregivers.

By maintaining a healthy lifestyle to promote overall brain health and potentially reduce the risk of cognitive decline is important. Lifestyle considerations such as regular physical exercise, a balanced diet, and mental stimulation.

By acting early and seeking professional medical advice, people can improve their chances of effectively managing dementia and maintaining a good quality of life.

SAGE Dementia Test: 15 Minute At-Home Test

Trevor Howitt Blog, Signs April 29, 2023May 6, 2023Cognitive Test, Dementia Test, SAGE

The SAGE dementia test, also known as the Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam, is a short cognitive assessment tool designed to help detect early signs of cognitive impairment and dementia.

The SAGE test includes several features that make useful as a screening tool:

Features of the SAGE Dementia Test

Self-administered: The cognitive test can be taken by the person being screened, without the need for a healthcare professional to administer it.
Brief: Only 15 minutes to needed to complete the test.
Simple language: It uses easy-to-understand language minimizing confusion and helping ensure responses are accurate.
Four cognitive domains: Cognitive function are assessed in four key domains. These are orientation, language, memory, and visuospatial ability.
Cultural neutrality: It is designed to be culturally neutral, meaning it can be utilized by people from diverse backgrounds and languages.
Scoring system: The test has a scoring system that helps to interpret results and identify dementia.
Note that the SAGE dementia test is not a diagnostic tool. A thorough evaluation by a qualified medical professional is required to determine a diagnosis of dementia or cognitive impairment.

Administering the SAGE Dementia Test?

The test has four parts, each of which includes questions or tasks that patients must do. Here are examples of questions/tasks that patients may be asked to complete during the SAGE test:

Orientation: Questions to gauge orientation to time and place, such as “What is today’s date?” or “Where are we right now?”
Language: Name common items, recall the names of animals, and describe similarities between objects.
Reasoning: Solve simple mathematical problems, identify the next number in a sequence, and follow a set of instructions.
Visuospatial skills: Draw a clock face and set the time to a specific hour, and to identify the missing parts in a picture.

In addition, the SAGE dementia test includes questions that evaluate executive function, such as identifying the appropriate word to complete a sentence and recalling details from a short story.

Scoring and Interpreting the SAGE Cognitive Assessment

Scoring and interpreting the Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam typically involves the following steps:

Scoring

Each question is scored independently, with the total number of correct responses providing a raw score. A higher score indicates better cognitive function.

Interpretation

The raw score is then converted to a standardized score based on age and education level. This identifies and accounts for potential biases and differences in cognitive function that are based on demographic factors.

Cut-off scores

The standardized score can then be matched to cut-off scores to identify the likelihood of dementia. For example, a score below a certain level may signal a need for further evaluation or referral to a specialist.

Clinical judgment

While the SAGE test does provide valuable information about cognitive function, it is important to note that it should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic tools and clinical judgment to establish a diagnosis of cognitive impairment.

Overall, scoring and interpreting the SAGE dementia test demands careful attention to the specific questions and response options, as well as consideration of demographics and other diagnostic information. It is important to utilize a healthcare professional who is trained in the use and interpretation of cognitive tests to make certain cognitive function is accurately and appropriately assessed.

Health Professionals Planning

If the results of the SAGE exam indicate cognitive impairment, healthcare professionals may use this information to create a plan for further evaluation and treatment. These steps include:

Referral for additional testing

If the results suggest cognitive impairment, the patient will likely be referred for further testing to help establish the cause and severity of the impairment. This may be a more comprehensive cognitive test, blood tests or brain imaging.

Referral to a specialist

Subject to the suspected cause of the cognitive impairment, the patient may be referred to a neurologist, neuropsychologist, or geriatrician, for further assessment and treatment.

Treatment planning

From the results of the SAGE exam and any additional assessments, healthcare professionals may work with the patient and their caregivers to establish a treatment plan. This may include medications to manage underlying conditions or symptoms, cognitive training and rehabilitation, and lifestyle modifications.

Monitoring and follow-up

Cognitive impairment and dementia are progressive conditions, so healthcare professionals may schedule regular follow-up appointments to monitor cognitive function and modify treatment plans as required.

Limitations of the Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam

The test is not intended to be used as a diagnostic tool on its own, but rather as a screening tool that can assist with identifying individuals who may gain from further evaluation. The SAGE test is only the beginning of the process. Further assessment will be required before a treatment plan can be put into place.

Download the SAGE Dementia Test

Download the SAGE dementia test HERE.

The SAGE test is difficult to administer online. You would need to download a test in your language and print it out to administer. If you are looking for an online test, then you may like to use the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). The MMSE test is a similar test that can be administered by a person who is not trained. It also takes only 15 minutes. Here is a link to the online MMSE test.

Final Thoughts

The Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE) is a simple, convenient, and effective tool for assessing dementia across several domains. It can help individuals and healthcare professionals identify probable cognitive impairment and take appropriate actions to address it.

It is important to note that the SAGE test is not a diagnostic tool on its own and should be used in combination with other assessment tools and clinical evaluation.

If you or someone you know is experiencing cognitive decline or has concerns about cognitive function, it’s necessary to seek professional medical advice.

Acting early can make a significant difference in managing cognitive impairment and improving quality of life.

There are a variety of tests for assessing cognitive decline. This article explains and compares 5 different dementia tests.

Prevent Cognitive Decline- Brain Booster Reviewed

ReaDementia Team Blog, Prevention, Shop February 24, 2023February 25, 2023brain booster, cognitive decline, prevent cognitive decline

What is The Brain Booster Program?

Brain Booster is a unique, all-natural program specifically designed to prevent cognitive decline by tackling brain health deterioration at its source.

The very effective program provides easy to use, step-by-step guidance with specific techniques to increase brain blood flow, essential to the delivery of oxygen and nutrition and crucial for optimum brain function.

Brain Booster Program Case Study

Why Do We Support this Program?

Primarily, we see tremendous benefit in the prevention of dementia and dementia related illnesses. Many of our articles give guidance to our viewers on dementia prevention.

The Brain Booster program gives a practical, easy-to-do, solution to reversing early cognitive decline by restoring blood flow to the brain. Their approach to the program is supported by research and acceptable professional practices.

When people follow the steps presented in the program, noticeable results are achieved within days.

This is impressive, and the company backs its claim with a 60-day money back guarantee.

In our view, there is nothing to lose and plenty to gain from giving the program a try.

Understanding A Root Cause of Brain Health Decline

Memory loss and brain fog happen for a reason (not just old age). There are specific elements and functions in your body causing cognitive decline.

Scientists have known for many years that when blood flow to the brain is restricted, the brain is starved from the essential components it needs to function properly. These essential components are oxygen, glucose, and nutrients.

Insufficient Oxygen

According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, while making up only a small part of our total body mass, the brain is the most metabolically demanding organ and utilizes 20% of the body’s oxygen.

Of this, it is estimated that neurons consume 75%–80% of the energy produced in the brain.

Therefore, it is not surprising that the brain is one of the organs that are most prone to limited oxygen.

Without oxygen, the brain’s cells cannot metabolize glucose, and therefore cannot convert glucose into energy.

Researchers (PNAS.org: Hyder et al., 2013) have proven that when a brain doesn’t receive sufficient oxygen, it starts to malfunction.

Symptoms of Insufficient Oxygen to the Brain Include:

Forgetfulness
Disorientation
Unable to focus
Attention weakens
Become increasingly confused

If the flow of blood is slowed or blocked in any way these problems occur and will worsen over time unless oxygen to the brain is restored.

Research has proven this in both mice (Medical News Today) and with humans (see ‘Bonus Research’ below).

What Happens When There is a Major Lack of Oxygen to the Brain?

Brain Plaque

Throughout the brain a sticky substance call plaque is created, interfering with how the brain neurons fire. In a healthy brain these plaques are rare.

In a brain not receiving sufficient oxygen the plaque continues to accumulate over time, worsening the conditions associated with mental decline (Small et al., 1995; Silverman et al., 2001) (See ‘Bonus Research’ below).

Oxygen for the Metabolism of Glucose

In addition, without energy to power the brains neurons, brain cells will not function as they should and may die. Oxygen is needed to metabolize glucose into energy.

Research shows that this disruption of oxygen metabolism is a root cause of various age-related neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive decline. (Tabrizi et al., 2000; Silverman et al., 2001; Zhou et al., 2008).

What the Brain Booster program does do is reverse the process. It is like turning the tap of oxygen and nutrients to the brain back on. Do this and the brain is on its way back to working as it should.

The reversal process can be noticeable quite quickly.

Who Created the Brain Booster Program?

Brain Booster was developed by Christian Goodman.

Christian Goodman, CEO of Blue Heron Health News, has an obsession for natural health research. He and his like-minded team have found solutions to different health problems that are rampant in modern society.

Goodman’s approach to tackling illness is to address the cause of the problem stemming from lifestyle circumstances. His is a natural approach.

Why Not Use Drugs?

Goodman’s view is that drugs prescribed will, in most cases, only mask the illness or suppress the symptoms, however, the underlying illness is still there.

Prescribed drugs may help some health conditions, but with the brain it is far better to deal with the root problem, not mask symptoms.

Christian Goodman has taken known science and already proven methods, bringing them together to create the Brain Booster program. He 100% guarantees his programs.

Understanding Why Blood to the Brain is Being Restricted

Blood travels through veins, arteries, and capillaries. These must pass through the tissues of the body. There isn’t a lot of space. Space is needed to allow the vessels to expand and contract as blood is pumped by the heart

When the body is functioning normally, veins, arteries and vessels will be able to do this efficiently and pump blood ladened with oxygen and nutrients to the brain.

However, if the surrounding tissues are tight and inflexible then the vessels will be restricted on their ability to expand with each heartbeat.

Internal muscles do get tight as people get older. This is not always noticeable until it causes problems- like brain decline.

The Brain Booster Program starts the flow of oxygen-rich blood back to the brain within days.

Restoring Brain Health

Brain Booster’s key principals to reversing cognitive decline are:

1.Breathing for the Brain

We breath 20 000 times a day. Having only a slight decline in a breath may seem to be nonproblematic in passing oxygen to the brain. However, 20 000 breaths, will lead to a greater deficiency of oxygen. This will be repeated day after day.

A small improvement in the efficiency of oxygen to the brain can make a large difference.

2.Fixing the Muscles that Are Suffocating the Brain

Tense, inflexible internal muscles that are restricting blood flow in veins, arteries and vessels can be loosened up to oxygen and nutrients to the brain.

Loosening up of muscles works in conjunction with breathing for the brain. No point in breathing for the brain and having muscles restricting the flow of blood.

3.Target Oxygen Directly to the Brain

Oxygen deprivation to the brain affects certain areas of the brain. These areas differ from person to person- hence symptoms differ from person to person.

The program uses techniques to move blood from one brain area to another, diverting it so the whole brain gets blood flow.

Brain Booster’s Exercise Techniques

The basis of the program are daily exercises utilizing the breath and body.

Not to fear, these are not strenuous difficult exercises that raise a sweat. They can be done whilst sitting, going for a walk, watching TV, or when driving. There are different exercises to choose from.

What to Expect from the Program

The Brain Booster program is 100% safe and completely natural with no equipment required. You can do the program in the comfort of your own home with your own schedule. It doesn’t take a great deal of time, nor strenuous exercises.

The Brain Booster exercises are simple, feel good and therapeutic. They are not strenuous.

Body Balance Exercises
Breathing Exercises
The Mind Body Exercise
Head Muscle Exercises

The exercises will involve deep breathing– step-by-step guidance provided in the program. (see notes under Bonus Research on focussed breathing)

The whole program is completely digital. It can be downloaded onto your smartphone, tablet device, kindle or desktop computer.

This allows you easy quick access to the program wherever you may be- important for keeping you on track.

For those of you not so tech savvy, simple step by step instructions are given to show you how to put Brain Booster on your devices.

What You’ll Learn in the Brain Booster Program

The program begins by giving you the foundations of the treatment and how to get the most from it.

Next, the program goes into the process of healing.

The exercises are divided up into categories. Each exercise comes with step-by-step instructions and diagrams on how to do each exercise.

For best results, exercises should be completed every day, however, if that doesn’t suit, the program does provide other options.

At the conclusion of the program there are tips on what to do moving forward. This is so you learn how to keep the benefits flowing.

Program Table of Contents

Welcome
How the Program Works
How to Work the Program
Breathing Exercise 1
Body Balance Exercises
- Freeing the Neck
- Exercise 1
- Exercise 2
- Exercise 3
- Exercise 4
- Calf Drop
- Feet on the Wall
- Sitting Floor
- The Relaxed Frog
Breathing Exercises
- Nostril Balance
- Rhythmic Walking
- Breathing Laughter
Head Muscle Exercises
- Chewing
- About to Yawn
- Delightful Surprise
- Tongue Rolling
The Mind Body Exercise
- 1-2-3-4 Exercise
Beyond This Program

Our Verdict ✅

Providing a simple, easy to do, solution to reversing cognitive decline offers our viewers an opportunity to improve their brain health or the health of their loved ones.

This is a unique program helping to prevent the onset of dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease. We haven’t seen any like it.

Employing science and proven methods, the Brain Booster repairs damage to the brain, restoring brain health. In doing so optimal blood flow to the brain is rectified, delivering essential oxygen and nutrients.

Giving your brain a boost using an all-natural process without medications, equipment nor strenuous exercise is a huge plus. Anyone can do the program easily from their home.

The program is inexpensive, providing tremendous value.

Christian Goodman backs Brain Booster with a 100% money back guarantee, with 60 days for you to use the program and discover for yourself its benefits. If is not for you then you can easily get a full refund.

Bonus Research

Focussed Breathing

Researchers at Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience and the Global Brain Health Institute discovered that focused breathing directly influences levels of noradrenaline, a natural brain chemical messenger.

Noradrenaline is released into the bloodstream when you are curious, focused, or emotionally aroused. It heightens your attention to detail and enhances overall brain health by promoting the growth of new neural connections.

Plague and Reduced Oxidation of Glucose Leading to Alzheimer’s

Alzheimer’s mostly affects short-term working memory and is classified by the presence of two hallmark neuropathologies; extracellular amyloid plaques and abnormal accumulations of a protein called tau that collect inside neurons.

In AD patients, regional decreased brain glucose consumption is a predictor for progressive cognitive decline and reduced oxidation of glucose is associated with carriers of the AD risk allele of the APOE-4 gene (Small et al., 1995; Silverman et al., 2001).

Cell Death of Neurons

Oxygen and glucose deprivation to the brain cause cell death Study Sept 2020 National Center for Biotechnology

Reference:

Frontier.org

Hyder, F., Rothman, D. L., and Bennett, M. R. (2013). Cortical energy demands of signaling and nonsignaling components in brain are conserved across mammalian species and activity levels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 110, 3549–3554. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1214912110

Zhou, C., Huang, Y., and Przedborski, S. (2008). Oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease: a mechanism of pathogenic and therapeutic significance. Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. 1147, 93–104. doi: 10.1196/annals.1427.023

Silverman, D. H., Small, G. W., Chang, C. Y., Lu, C. S., Kung De Aburto, M. A., Chen, W., et al. (2001). Positron emission tomography in evaluation of dementia: regional brain metabolism and long-term outcome. JAMA 286, 2120–2127. doi: 10.1001/jama.286.17.2120

Lewy Body Dementia Story: Coy’s Journey

Trevor Howitt Blog, Personal Stories May 5, 2022May 5, 2022LBD, lewy body dementia

Donna Pittman Father Coy with Lewy Body Dementia

My family’s Lewy body dementia story began with a misdiagnosis. My father was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease in 2013 after a long heart-valve surgery. He spent extended time under anesthesia and then had to go under again a few days later to resolve the first of many complications. My mother and I noticed that the man who left the hospital and rehabilitation center almost thirty days later was not the same man who had entered the hospital.

Early Signs

One of the first signs that my father’s brain was not well was that he lost the ability to balance his checkbook. He had always been meticulous about balancing his checkbook down to the last cent. At that point, my mother took him for testing with his primary care physician, who mistakenly determined that my father was in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. He told us that the long hours under anesthesia had most likely aggravated the condition.

The incorrect diagnosis was not unusual. The Lewy Body Dementia Association reports that LBD is the second most common type of dementia but the most misdiagnosed. It impacts one million people in the US each year. It is frequently diagnosed as Alzheimer’s disease because there is no specific test to differentiate it until after the death of the patient.

5 Lewy Body Dementia Symptoms My Father Had

However, as the years passed, some of his symptoms just did not fit the Alzheimer’s profile. Here are five Lewy body dementia symptoms that led to my father’s eventual diagnosis:

My father had fluctuating levels of confusion and concentration. On certain days, he appeared to be fine cognitively. He held conversations, worked around the house, and completed tasks as he normally would have. On other days, he would forget how to drive home from the grocery store or operate the microwave.
He had severe sleep disturbances. He would act out dreams, often violently. My father would have extreme daytime drowsiness. Some days, he would sleep for a total of 18-20 hours in a 24-hour period.
His movements changed. He developed hand tremors and began to shuffle instead of walking normally. His balance became impaired, and he suffered several falls. At 230 lbs., picking him up was nearly impossible. Parkinson-like symptoms are a hallmark of LBD.
He began to have auditory and visual hallucinations (which was our PRIMARY clue). He would think he saw children playing in the floor or a group of women talking in the other room. My father would hear people having conversations in another room when no one was there. He began to believe his home was haunted and became fearful.
He began to have violent outbursts toward others. He kicked and hit my mother as well as nurses, doctors, and the hospital security guard. During the times he was so volatile we took him to the nearest emergency room for help.

Wandering

Finally, in the summer of 2019, my father began wandering. Several times, my mother would wake up and find him missing in the middle of the night. She would drive through their small town searching for hours and eventually locate him. The wandering, plus the above symptoms, made her realize that she could no longer keep him safe in their home.

In early October, my father spent one week in a geriatric psychiatric hospital where he was diagnosed tentatively with Lewy body dementia. He had several medications changed because certain anti-psychotic medications that he was on were actually making him worse. He then moved into a dementia-care facility.

Nightmare Experience with Dementia-care Facility

We thought that we were making the best decision, but the dementia-care facility was understaffed, poorly-run, and did not understand how to work with LBD patients, especially large, sometimes-aggressive males. The four months he spent there were a nightmare. We were frequently called because they could not handle his behavior. Twice, he was sent via ambulance alone to the local ER, where he could not remember his current address or phone number- just his name and birthdate. We were honestly appalled at the care he received. We once arrived for a visit, and his Depends had a date and time written on it 22-hours earlier. He had worn the same soiled adult diaper for nearly 24-hours.

His behavioral issues spiraled, and after he choked a female nursing assistant one evening, he was sent for another stay at a different geriatric psychiatric hospital. There, he was so heavily medicated, he couldn’t lift his head. My father didn’t seem to recognize his family or understand his surroundings at all. He was propped up in a wheelchair during the day, but he struggled to even open his eyes during visits.

He was allowed to return to his dementia-care facility after this stay. Although weak and over-medicated, he was no longer violent. At this time, my father was placed under hospice care, and a wonderful hospice nurse named Robin entered our lives.

I cannot say enough about the difference Robin made. She was a fierce advocate for him with the facility staff. She treated him as if he were her own father. She advised us to get him out of the current living situation.

Covid

In February of 2020, just before the start of covid, we found another assisted-living facility with a locked dementia wing. He was much happier there and was better cared for in the new facility. In March, they closed their doors to visitors, which was devastating to us as a family, but Nurse Robin texted us pictures, called us on Facetime, and kept us in contact with him.

Final Stages of Our Lewy Body Dementia Story

On May 6, we received the call we had been expecting for quite some time. Robin believed the end was near and despite covid regulations, the assisted living would allow us to be with him in his private room until he passed. My mother rushed to the facility and found my father emaciated (he had stopped eating and drinking for the past week) and agitated.

She tried to calm him for hours, and then he finally fell into a deep sleep. He was in that sleep when I arrived from out of town, and for the next three hours, my mother and I sat by his bedside. I will never forget the sound of the death rattle and counting the seconds between his breaths until the next one didn’t come.

Even though the last months of his life were rife with turmoil, he died peacefully around midnight. There was no struggle, no dramatic exit. For my mother and me, it was a moment of both sadness and relief.

Lewy body dementia story — Photo of Donna and her father on their last Thanksgiving together.

Author Bio

Donna Pittman is a writer and community-college professor from Tennessee.

Why Do Dementia Patients Lie?

ReaDementia Team Blog April 30, 2022April 30, 2022confabulation, dementia lying, lying

It is common for those living with dementia to exhibit changes in their behavior, including lying. When you are the caregiver to someone who has dementia, it’s hard to know what to expect. If you have a loved one who suffers from dementia, you know that they can be lying very often. So, why do dementia patients lie and what can you do about it?

In this blog post, we’ll explore the reasons behind why dementia patients lie, as well as some tips for how to deal with it. Stay tuned!

Reasons for Dementia Patients to Lie:

Confabulation

The #1 reason your loved one who has dementia is lying is because of confabulation. If you’re unaware of that word, confabulation or to confabulate is the term medical professionals use to describe a very similar symptom to lying but also quite different.

And this is the reason your loved one who has dementia is lying to you, unaware of the fact that they are doing it.

In layman’s terms, Confabulation happens when someone has a distorted memory that causes them to give false information without the intention of deceiving others. The person experiencing confabulatory symptoms does not know that their false memories aren’t true; they’re just giving off misinformation with no bad intentions!

In a nutshell, when your loved ones are making things up, they are not aware that whatever they are saying is not true. On the contrary, they actually believe whatever they are saying is true even though none of them are true.

Most of the time, your loved one is only lying because their unconscious mind is replacing their memory with imagination and filling the gaps of the memory that slipped through their mind.

Anxiety and Paranoia

Many seniors with dementia experience a significant decline in their short-term memory capacity. This can lead to paranoia and anxiety and can also make it difficult for them to navigate social situations. In many cases, dementia patients will lie to preserve their dignity and fit into the situation.

One common way these individuals try to cope with their condition is by telling untruths about themselves, both to others and themselves. This may exaggerate or minimize their abilities or accomplishments to fit in with those around them. Additionally, they may also give false information about their past to preserve their dignity and self-esteem.

While this may seem like dishonest behavior of these patients, it is important to remember that dementia patients aren’t actually lying. Rather they are mistaken by their own imaginations. Ultimately, understanding why dementia patients lie can help us better support them as they navigate this challenging time.

While detecting the lies is pretty easy for the nearest ones, it can confuse your relatives and neighbours who are not aware of the situation. Also, if you’re going to explain, make sure not to do it before the patient. That might make them seriously upset.

FAQ:

Do Dementia Patients Know They Are Lying?

Dementia patients are not aware of the fact that they are lying. Their lies are usually incorrect information about themselves or others that their unconscious mind has created, and the patient can’t really differentiate between the two versions.

The reason dementia patients lie is because of the deterioration of their mental faculties. The ability to understand what is true and false becomes impaired, so they may believe the lies they are telling.

It’s important to understand that when dementia patients are lying, they are not doing so deliberately or maliciously.

Is It Okay to Lie to Dementia Patients?

There is no black-and-white answer to this question, as it can depend on the individual case and situation. In general, however, it is accepted that lying to dementia patients is okay if it is done to ensure their wellbeing or prevent any distress.

For example, if a patient expresses a desire to see a long-lost relative who has passed away, telling them that this person will be coming to visit soon could brighten their day and help improve their mood.

In contrast, if a patient repeatedly asks about an upsetting event from their past (e.g., something that led to their dementia), denying that the event ever happened could help preserve their emotional health.

How to Deal With Confabulation?

It’s important to understand the difference between confabulation and lying. Confabulation is an inaccurate memory, but it’s not an intentional choice. Instead, it’s an unintentional effect of dementia. On the other hand, lying is a deliberate choice to misrepresent the truth.

When someone with dementia confabulates, they may sincerely believe that their memory is accurate, even though it’s not. This can be confusing and frustrating for both those with dementia and their loved ones.

However, it’s important to remember that confabulation is not deliberately misleading. Rather, it’s a symptom of the disease.

A Word From Us

Confabulation is a complicated topic and one that may be confusing or frustrating to those who don’t understand it. However, it’s important to remember that confabulation is not the same as lying.

It’s easy to see why confabulation in dementia may be confusing or frustrating at first. After all, it can seem like the person is making things up or lying. However, it’s important to understand that confabulation is actually a coping response to the cognitive changes in dementia.

Once we view it in this light, it can help decrease any emotional reaction we might have and enable us to “go with the flow” and join the reality of our loved ones.

Conclusion

Dementia patients may often lie unpurposely to compensate for their lost abilities. Therefore, caregivers and loved ones need to understand this condition and cope with it in the most effective way possible.

Understanding the situation can help make life easier for those who have dementia. What have you found to be the best way to deal with a loved one who has dementia? Let us know in the comments below!

Author Bio

Jason Hubble

Jason is a certified polygraph examiner and a twenty year veteran in the field of forensic IT. He is the owner, chief examiner of Lie Detectors-UK and the Secretary of the UKPA. He qualified in America at APS Fort Myers under the supervision of his mentor Benjamin Blalock.

Jason Hubble is a twenty-year veteran in the field of forensic IT, having worked for many City law firms throughout his career. This experience has really helped with the field of polygraph allowing him to use this in his polygraph testing.

Twitter Handle:

https://twitter.com/liedetectors_uk

How to Prevent Dementia- 7 Easy Things You Can Do

Trevor Howitt Blog, Prevention, Shop March 14, 2022March 14, 2022hippocampus, microbiome, natural dementia prevention, prevent dementia

The best time to correct early signs of dementia is right now, rather than waiting for cognitive decline to become a real problem. In this article we show you how to prevent dementia naturally.

To understand what the early signs of dementia are view our article HERE.

A key element medicine is missing

The problem in medicine is the lack of importance of diet and how this effects your brain.

Medicine does not connect the dots and make the links between diet and your brain. Medicine may point cognitive decline to genetics, stress or things just happen and you cannot do much about it. However, your diet is key to preventing and even reversing early dementia.

The Hippocampus

A complex brain structure rooted deep into temporal lobe is called the Hippocampus. It plays a major role in learning and memory. The hippocampus is a plastic and vulnerable structure that, if not nurtured, can be damaged. People with dementia have a shrinking or damaged hippocampus. There are easy natural things that you can do to care for your hippocampus.

How to Prevent Dementia Naturally

Vitamin B1

What would shrink your hippocampus?

One thing that could be a real problem with your hippocampus is a Thiamine deficiency. That is a Vitamin B1 deficiency. The demand for thiamine goes way up when alcohol and carbohydrates are consumed. Vitamin B1 is needed to metabolize carbs and alcohol.

The more sugar you eat, the more carbs you consume, and the more alcohol you drink, the more you need vitamin B1.

Nutritional yeast is the best source of B1. Make sure you get natural yeast that is not fortified with synthetic vitamins. Synthetic vitamins might work initially but are not a good long-term solution.

Of course, you want to do things to prevent a B1 deficiency by giving up alcohol, reduce sugar and carbs in your diet.

The good news is that you can consume plenty of vegetable carbs.

Fix the Gut

You want to fix the gut microbiome.

There has been interesting research on Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease. Research points to a lack of diversity in the microbiome of the gut in people with these diseases. There is also a correlation with these patients having gut inflammation, with leaky gut being common.

Also realize that the gut and the brain are by-directional. Through the vagus nerve you have information going from the gut to the brain and information from the brain going to the gut. If you have a problem with your brain you’ll have a problem with your gut. If you have a problem with your gut, you can have a problem with your brain.

Interestingly, our gut microbes produce neurotransmitters, and they can synthesis B vitamins.

Having a healthy diversified gut microbiome is essential to preventing cognitive decline.

4 ways to fix the gut

1.Vegetables

One of the best ways to increase diversity of the microbiome is to start consuming vegetables.

Look for a wide variety of vegetables, and different types of salads that have a variety phytonutrients and fibers. Organic vegetables are best.

2.Fasting

Another way to increase the diversity of microbiome is to introduce fasting.

Many would think that fasting would starve the microbes, resulting in them getting weaker. Yet, the very opposite happens. They get stronger and new strains come out and try to survive. It is part of a survival mechanism that has been evolving for eons.

3.Gluten

Research has found that when people with dementia are taken off gluten, they are seeing huge improvements in dementia. Gluten can worsen dementia.

Being on a gluten free diet is not enough. There needs to be low carbs and no grain.

4.Stay away from GMO foods

Foods that have been exposed to glyphosate (a herbicide) are not good for your gut biome. Glyphosate destroys microorganisms like bacteria. This affects our gut microbes, just like it affects the microbes in the soil.

The reason GMO foods are a problem is because they have been genetically modified to tolerate heavy applications of the herbicide. That way, farmers can spray glyphosate on their GMO crops to kill weeds without killing the crops.

Seek out non-GMO foods. Better still, seek organic foods that have not been sprayed with glyphosate or any gut damaging chemicals.

Consume More Sprouts

The unique thing about sprouts is that they come from little seeds. If you were to consume the seeds on their own the nutrition would not be so readily available to you and they are difficult to digest.

However, if they are grown into sprouts, you have incredible amounts of easy digestible nutrition is released when eaten.

Eat sprouts on a regular basis. Not only will you be getting peak nutrition from a plant, but you are also getting certain phytonutrients that are a superfood for your brain.

Broccoli sprouts are abundant in sulforaphane. This substance is fantastic for any type of neuro degenerative disorder.

Check price of Sulforaphane Broccoli products on AMAZON.com

Sprouts are also beneficial for your gut.

Include sprouts into your diet on a regular basis. Add them to your salads. They are very cheap and easy to grow yourself.

Check price of Sprouts seeds and Sprouts’ Growing Machines on AMAZON.com

Ketones

Ketones bypass the damage in the brain and feed the neurons directly.

People with dementia are experiencing the destruction of their brain cells in their hippocampus. Due to this damage, the brain is not getting glucose fuel. Brain cells need to be restored by feeding them fuel in the form of ketone fuel. Ketone bodies are a more efficient fuel than glucose fuel.

Check price of Ketones products on AMAZON.com

3 ways to increase ketones

1.Intermittent fasting and periodic prolonged fasting give huge benefits for two reasons. Fasting generates many more ketones than you gain from being on a low carb diet. Fasting also up regulate genetic factors that support your brain.

2.Consuming MCT oil (1 tablespoon twice a day), a supplement made from a type of fat called medium-chain triglycerides will help brains by increasing ketone production.

3.Exogenous ketones (buy as a supplement) are a terrific brain-enhancing supplement which may reduce cognitive decline, improve brain power, and reduce brain fog.

Ginkgo Biloba

Ginkgo biloba (specifically the extract EGB 761) has shown significant benefits for dementia patients by giving neuro protection. Ginkgo Biloba is the Maidenhair Tree native to China.

Check price of Ginko Biloba Extract products on AMAZON.com

Lion’s Mane Mushroom

How does lion’s mane work in the brain?

Research show that lion’s mane mushroom extract may in fact support brain health by promoting the creation of two important compounds: nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These are proteins that stimulate the formation of new cells and bolster existing ones.

Check price of Lion’s Mane Mushroom products on AMAZON.com

Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Vitamin D, Zinc, Exercise and Sleep

Other ways to prevent cognitive decline include:

Including Omega-3 in your diet. This fatty acid can be found in oily fish and fish oil (especially cod liver oil).

Vitamin D, the free sunlight vitamin that can also be gained from diet. Foods high in vitamin D include oily fish, egg yolks, mushrooms, orange juice and many vegetables. Check price of Vitamin D3 products available at AMAZON.com

Zinc is very important. Foods with high levels of zinc include oysters, sea foods, avocados, nuts, beans, meat and berries. Check price of Zinc products available at AMAZON.com

Exercise increases oxygen to your brain. It also increases blood flow, delivering nutrients to the brain.

Sleep is very important. If you are not sleeping enough; cortisol increases, you may be more stressed, and important oxygen to the brain is reduced.

Final Comments

In a nutshell, diet, exercise, and sleep all play a core role in preventing of the onset of dementia.

A wholesome low carb diet, rich in superfoods and free from chemicals is key. The right diet will foster a healthy gut microbiome and provide the best brain nutrition.

Regular exercise increases oxygen and blood flow to the brain delivering nutrients for healthy brain function. This combined with quality sleep will reduce cortisol levels causing stress.

Viewing Dr. Eric Berg DC channel provided much of the content for this article. Dr. Berg specializes in Healthy Ketosis and Intermittent Fasting.

ProMind Complex- premium all natural brain supplement. Check out our Independent Review HERE.

8 Benefits of Home Care Services for Seniors

ReaDementia Team Blog March 3, 2022March 5, 2022care services, home care, in-home care

Thanks to breakthroughs in modern technology and the medical field, it has become possible for seniors to live happier, fuller, and longer lives. This also means many are choosing to age in their own homes since they now have easy access to a vast range of home care services for seniors options.

If you are considering in-home care for your loved one, below are eight of the enticing in-home care benefits they will enjoy:

01: They can get help with personal hygiene.

It is important for seniors that are homebound to have proper hygiene. However, some have difficulty bathing or showering without assistance. Unfortunately, poor personal hygiene can sometimes result in health issues like infections. Thankfully a home health aide can help seniors with their personal hygiene needs, including grooming, showering, and dressing.

02: They can get help with light household chores.

Keeping their home safe and clean is vital for seniors. However, it is a reality that some seniors who opt to age at home can struggle with the demands of household chores. With in-home care, they can have someone to help them with different household chores including vacuuming, lawn work, dusting, basic cleaning, and laundry.

03: They can get help with nutrition and meal preparation.

One of the most prevalent problems among the elderly is malnutrition. This can be attributed to the fact that they are often unable to go out and shop or have difficulties cooking healthy and nutritious meals.

Those over 65 years old, those with chronic conditions, and those who have recently been discharged from the hospital have a high risk of poor nutrition. Those who have injuries or are bedridden also have a high risk for body mass and muscle loss.

In-home care services can include help with grocery shopping, meal preparations, and even nutritional counseling to help ensure your senior loved ones are getting the nutritious foods they need to remain healthy.

04: They can get help with transportation.

Whether it’s social outings or doctor’s appointments, in-home care providers can accompany and provide transportation for those who don’t have access to one. Aside from driving your senior loved ones to gatherings or appointments, healthcare aides can stay with your loved ones, so they have someone with them when they speak with their doctors or when socializing with others.

05: They have someone at home with them.

Safety is another issue many seniors face. Fortunately, in-home care aides can stay at home and assist your elderly loved ones with their needs. This is especially beneficial for those who have trouble getting in and out of bed or those with mobility problems.

Another invaluable service provided by in-home care aides is communication with the senior’s loved ones. One of the primary elements of creating a safe home for seniors is having productive and open communications with family members about the potential hazards at home and how to eliminate them.

06: They can get help with medication management.

Many seniors struggle when it comes to remembering their medications. This is especially true if they have multiple prescriptions. This is another thing in-home care aides can help them with. They can also help ensure they take the right medications at the right time, preventing any risk of overdose.

07: They can get help with socialization and companionship.

Another great benefit of in-home care services is giving your senior loved ones access to interaction and socialization. An in-home care aide can accompany them on short walks, play games with them, or simply talk to them. In most cases, having someone they can talk to and accompany them can make a world of difference in their emotional health and overall well-being.

08: They can provide a break for caregivers.

If you are a family member looking after a senior loved one, you can attest that it can be overwhelming and stressful at times. With an in-home aide, you can get some much-needed rest and break as they can provide a vast range of tasks on your behalf.

Final Thoughts

Home care services for seniors are often customized to meet the unique and special needs of your senior loved ones. While in-home care needs can vary from one person to another, one thing is certain—they can help seniors stay independent while living healthy, happy, and fulfilled lives.

Benefits of Home Care Services for Seniors

The 8 Benefits of Home Care Services for Seniors pdf

How to Talk to Someone with Dementia on the Phone

Rok Krivec Blog February 16, 2022communicating, phone, speaking to dementia

It is common for loved ones to ask how to talk to someone with dementia on the phone.

Phone conversations are important when relatives or friends want to keep in touch and cannot always enjoy face-to-face conversations because of distance and other factors.

Keep in mind that when calling a person with dementia, they may have some communication problems brought about by the illness depending on the level of progression.

This said it is possible to have fulfilling and fun conversations over the phone.

Practical Tips: Dementia and the Telephone

Below are some practical steps to follow when calling a person who has dementia.

Do Not Be in a Hurry

When scheduling a phone call with a person who has dementia, be prepared to take some time. Do not be in a rush to speak quickly and get the conversation over and done with.

Free up some time and make sure to speak slowly and clearly. Pay close attention to the responses the person makes.

It is also best to talk about one point before moving to the next to avoid overwhelming the person.

It is also important to avoid jargon and use language that is familiar to the person on the other end of the phone line.

Where necessary, repeat or rephrase to make sure that the individual has enough time to process what they have been told. Additionally, use the name of the person when speaking to them or a title they prefer.

Listen Actively

When talking to an individual who has the progressive illness, it is advisable to listen very carefully to them. It lets them know that an individual values them and has time for them.

At times, the conversations may be one-sided with a lot of pauses. This is the time to be a little creative and come up with ways to enhance the dialogue. It can be through fun things like singing or reminiscing on a memory that brings joy to the individual.

Have a list of topics to talk about during the duration of the call. Listen keenly to how the person responds to the topic of discussion and move on to a different one if they are not comfortable with what is currently on the table.

Most importantly, do not infantilize a person with dementia by talking to them as though they were young kids or senile. Always use a respectful tone of voice and treat them with honor.

Plan Ahead

When learning techniques on how to talk to someone with dementia on the phone, it is important to be in tune with the person’s daily schedules. You do not want to call when they are having a meal, sleeping, irritable, or taking part in an activity.

If the person is in a facility, call ahead to know when it would be best to schedule the conversation. If the affected individual is still at home, you may have to visit or get into contact with another individual who lives with them to know the best times to make the call. Ideally, this needs to be a time when the person with dementia is most alert and well-rested.

At the end of the conversation, the person calling may agree to set a time and day for the next call. The individual with dementia can note it down on their calendar or have reminder alerts on their phone or other devices so that they can have something to look forward to.

Try Video Calling

If the person with dementia is tech-savvy, it may be better to use video calls particularly if they are in the later stages of the illness.

It will not only help two or more people to see each other but gestures can also be added to the conversation.

A study conducted in 2015, explained that representational gestures such as pointing to an object can help compensate for speech deficits.

Some of the gestures that experts recommend include:

- Giving thumbs-up
- Waving
- “Talking” with hands
- Giving an “OK” sign
- Pointing to objects a person is talking about
- Facial expressiveness
- Indicating size with the distance between hands or fingers
- Using fingers to list (such as 1st, 2nd, and 3rd)

Gestures come in handy in many circumstances. For instance, rather than saying “Thank you very much, that means a lot to me” it might be better to say “Thank you”, offer a meaningful smile, and place a hand on the heart. If the affected individual is at a loss for words, remind them that they can point to an object and it can be seen through the screen.

Remember to position the device used for video calling at a table or desk considering factors such as lighting to ensure the person with the illness sees who they are talking to clearly.

It also helps to sit at eye level to the camera so that the affected individual does not struggle to stare up or down at the person they are conversing with to avoid making them feel intimidated. Remember to concentrate fully by looking into the camera lens at all times during the conversation. Looking elsewhere may give an impression that the person on the other end is not important.

It is also advisable to minimize distractions when on call giving the individual with dementia undivided attention they require.

Focus on Sensory Experiences

While it may be tempting to bring up the past when learning how to talk to someone with dementia on the phone, it is advisable to focus on the present.

As the neurodegenerative disease progresses, it may affect long-term memories like important past dates, events, and relationships. To have an enjoyable conversation, focus on the present.

Describing surroundings, for example, may work and the individual with dementia can also describe their current surroundings, weather, and other things they are comfortable talking about.

Enter their Reality

One of the things that stands out when discussing how to talk to someone with dementia on the phone is to enter your loved one’s reality. Get into their shoes and try and feel what they are going through. Rather than show disbelief when the person makes a mistake during a conversation, just mask or brush it off.

A person with the progressive illness may find themselves asking one question over and over. Do not get irritated by this, but calmly answer each time. The primary goal of conversing is to connect with the person with the illness and not to correct them or keep reminding them about who they are.

Closing Thoughts

While it may not be easy to converse with a person who has dementia, the above are some practical tips an individual may work with when learning how to talk to someone with dementia on the phone.

Remember that dementia affects everyone differently. A lot of experimentation and patience is needed to identify what works for both parties. Keep the conversations light and fun so that the persons always look forward to the calls.

Loved ones also need to be flexible because what works today may not necessarily work the next day. Learning more about the disease is also prudent when it comes to empowering, encouraging, celebrating, and offering better support to people living with dementia.

While there is no formula for holding successful conversations at all times adding genuine warmth and respect can increase the odds of success.

How to Talk to Someone with Dementia on the Phone- A Quick Guide

1. Do Not Be in a Hurry

Patience is key when talking to someone who has dementia over the phone. Do not schedule a one-minute call. Instead, create ample time to catch up and have a good time.

2. Listen Actively

The person calling an individual with the progressive illness should not just talk, talk, and talk. Keep ears wide open and listen to the other person as well. Where possible, let them lead the conversation.

3. Plan Ahead

No one wants to be called without an agenda even those with dementia. Plan the calls ahead of time and know what to say and not what to say. It is also crucial to get the timing right to avoid interfering with an individual’s daily routines.

4. Try Video Calling

Video calling is a great way to communicate with a person who has dementia. It allows a person to see the other individual’s reaction and also incorporate gestures to understand each other better.

5. Focus on Sensory Experiences

Do not force a person with the neurodegenerative disease to talk about the past especially if they are having trouble with their memory. Focus on the present and have conversations that the person can take part in. Do everything possible to bring joy to the individual during the conversations.

6. Enter their Reality

Understand that the neurodegenerative disease affects the way a person communicates. Try and understand how they feel and treat them with love, respect, and dignity.

The 10 Best Nuts for Dementia

Rok Krivec Blog, Prevention February 12, 2022nuts, nuts for dementia

Research reveals that persons with dementia should consider adding a variety of nuts for dementia in their diets. High nut consumption, in the long run, may be the key to enhanced cognitive health in seniors. In this article we discuss at the best nuts for dementia.

NHS describes dementia as a syndrome that is associated with a constant decline of cognitive functioning. A new study, however, found that eating nuts might help boost brain function in old age. Dr. Li says that nuts are known to be high in fibre, healthy fats, and proteins with nutritional properties.

Check out some of the nuts that come highly recommended for persons living with dementia.

Best Nuts for Dementia & Alzheimer’s

Almonds

These are nuts that have protein which can help repair brain cells: thus, enhancing cognitive functions including memory.

Almonds are also rich in zinc which can help reduce the effects of free radicals that destroy body cells and make a person sick. Omega-3 fatty acids present in the nuts strengthen neuron function.

Furthermore, almonds consist of Vitamin E that may help to slow down the aging process of brain cells.

Brazil Nuts

Eating a single Brazil nut every day might help to reduce dementia risk and slow cognitive decline.

The above is a statement that was made by Dr. Barbara Cardoso a biochemist and Postdoctoral Research Fellow from the Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition at Deakin University.

This is because Brazil nuts are the richest natural source of selenium. Dr. Cardoso reveals that selenium is a nutrient that lacks in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. AD is one of the most common causes of dementia.

Brazil nuts are also said to help reduce bad cholesterol, keeping the heart healthy, regulating blood sugar, and improving neural health.

Walnuts

Researchers categorize walnuts as one of the top nuts for brain health making them a great addition for nuts for dementia.

Walnuts are rich in DHA a type of Omega-3 fatty acid that is said to boost brain performance as well as prevent age-related cognitive decline. Experts also suggest that walnuts and oil derived from the nuts is helpful in reducing stress.

A study that was published in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition reported that participants who consumed walnut oil and walnuts reduced their LDL levels and also recorded significant drops in resting blood pressure and blood pressure response to stress.

Hazelnuts

Hazelnuts are not only a tasty snack but they are a great source of healthy fat, vitamin E, protein, amino acids, dietary fibre, and multiple minerals and vitamins.

The nuts may help to boost brain health by assisting in the promotion and regeneration of healthy brain cells.

Hazelnuts are also said to be loaded with selenium, vitamin K, and thiamine, components that can help enhance memory.

Additionally, the nuts can help regulate digestion, aid in weight loss, improve heart health, manage diabetes, and make bones stronger.

Almonds

Consuming almonds could prevent memory loss and enhance cognitive ability.

Studies conducted on the benefits of almonds show that these nuts can help stave off decline in brain function. A study that was published in the British Journal of Nutrition reported that eating almonds during lunchtime enhanced memory in the afternoon. One of the reasons for this may be that the nuts have a positive effect on balancing blood sugars.

Almonds are also said to be rich in magnesium which can combat fatigue and tiredness. The nuts are also a source of brain-boosting folate, thiamine, and niacin.

Other benefits of consuming almonds include reducing the risk of stroke, reducing cholesterol, and lowering blood pressure.

Pecans

Pecans are among the nuts for dementia that help in boosting the brain.

The University of Massachusetts Lowell studied the effects of pecans on the brain. They concluded that the nuts offer neurological protection. This is based on the fact that pecans are rich in antioxidants that fight off Alzheimer’s.

The antioxidant that occurs naturally in pecans include flavonoids, vitamin E, and ellagic acid. The antioxidants are said to prevent oxidation in cells that is linked to developing various dementia types.

Pecans are also a great option when it comes to fighting brain-threatening fat. Research from Loma Linda University in California and New Mexico State University revealed that pecans can also fight bad cholesterol. This is because they contain beta-sitosterol which is a natural cholesterol-lowering compound.

As nut consumption increases, overall body weight and body fat decrease according to clinical research from Harvard University School of Public Health.

Peanuts

Peanuts have specific antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects which can alleviate and reduce cognitive decline. This is according to researchers who conducted a study observing about 5,000 Chinese adults over the age of 55 for more than twenty-two years.

They uncovered that adults who consumed more than 10 grams of nuts daily had better memory, mental functioning, reasoning, and thinking.

Pistachios

Pistachios are a kind of tree nut that offers multiple health benefits. The nuts are a good source of protein, fibre, and antioxidants.

Pistachios contain numerous nutrients one of them being vitamin B-6 that helps with protein metabolism and cognitive development.

Antioxidants are essential when it comes to preventing damage to the body’s cells which often results in disease development. Pistachios may also help in preventing oxidative stress that usually results in memory loss, inflammation in the brain, and preserving essential fatty acids levels.

The nuts are also known to reduce the risk of colon cancer, good for blood sugar balance, helpful in weight loss, great for heart health, good for eye health, low in calories and so much more.

Macadamia nuts

Macadamia nuts are linked to several benefits like improved heart health, digestion, blood sugar control, and weight management. This is thanks to the fact that the nuts are nutrient-dense and contain beneficial plant compounds.

Netmeds reports that taking macadamia nuts may also help to prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s which are types of dementia. What makes this possible is the fact that the nuts are loaded with tocotrienols a kind of vitamin E which protects brain cells from glutamate effects. An anion of glutamic acid may result in multiple brain degenerative conditions.

Chestnuts

For years, chestnuts have been an excellent food source. These are nuts that are low in fat and surprisingly high in Vitamin C which is not common with nuts.

The nuts are also a great source of antioxidants like ellagic acid and gallic acid among others that support a healthy heart, control blood sugars and enhance digestion.

Chestnuts also offer different minerals and vitamins like Vitamin C, A, & B complex, magnesium, calcium, manganese, zinc, copper, and iron.

Ambiguous Loss in Dementia

Rok Krivec Blog, Signs February 11, 2022February 11, 2022ambiguous loss, dementia

When caring for a person with dementia, it is possible to experience ambiguous loss in dementia.

Ambiguous loss can be described as a type of loss an individual feels when a person with dementia is physically there, but is not as emotionally or mentally present as before.

Ambiguous Loss Pioneered by Pauline Boss, Ph.D. explains that this type of loss happens when a loved one is not psychologically present.

This is where a person is cognitively or emotionally gone.

Dementia is a progressive, neurodegenerative, and fatal disease that destroys brain cells. For people who care and love for those with the illness, the ambiguous loss is a constant reminder of how challenging the illness can be.

This kind of loss is not like other types of losses.

Ambiguous Loss, Grief and Dementia

Ambiguous loss is often unclear and has not resolution, closure, or predictable ending. For instance, with death, loved ones know that the person is gone and they can grieve the loss.

With the ambiguous loss, however, individuals are usually at crossroads because there is no certainty of death and it is also not possible to tell whether they will go back to their “normal” selves.

Ambiguous Loss in Dementia Affects Everyone

Ambiguous loss does not only affect caregivers but people with dementia as well. Individuals with the progressive illness are likely to experience feelings of grief and loss over their diagnosis and the changes they go through as the disease progresses through various stages.

Some carers will not recognize ambiguous grief or know how to react when the abilities of the individual with dementia change. This type of grief can confuse relationships and prevent people from moving on.

Recognizing these feelings and understanding the concept of this type of loss can help ease the effects. It is possible to grieve the losses through guidance and support allowing carers to stay connected to the person with dementia while at the same time building resilience and strength.

Understanding Ambiguous Loss

Carers need to get an in-depth understanding of this unique type of loss. It helps caregivers come up with effective techniques to cope with ambiguous loss in dementia and live successfully with all the uncertainties that surround the progressive illness.

Carers have to learn new ways of relating with the person with the illness while becoming more comfortable with the ambiguity. This is especially because it is not possible to control the effects and progression of dementia. At the same time, caregivers have to move on with their lives while looking after the individual with the illness.

Effects of Ambiguous Loss in Dementia

Ambiguous loss can be a huge stressor for people looking after their loved ones with dementia. It can lead to several negative effects such as:

Anxiety and stress
Ongoing strain and tension
Role confusion
Depression
Family discord that may result in dysfunctional relationships
Caregiver isolation

Managing Ambiguous Loss Positively

Caregivers, family members, and friends can take several steps to positively live with ambiguous loss in dementia and some of them include:

Reflection

Reflecting on the losses that occur both in the person with dementia and the one looking after the affected individual. Acknowledge this grief, express it, and share it with other persons who will be supportive and understanding. Knowing that a person is not alone when dealing with this type of loss can help offer some relief.

Engage in paradoxical thinking

Paradoxical or dual thinking allows carers to accept the presence and absence that ambiguity presents. It is where a person uses “both/and” thinking instead of “either/or” when dealing with two contradictory ideas that are true at the same time.

This helps people reframe perceptions that they cannot change. “My grandmother has dementia and needs help and I need opportunities to enjoy life” is an example of a paradoxical way of thinking.

Strengthening relationships

Strengthen existing relationships with family and friends is important. At the same time, carers should be open to establishing new relationships that can support and enhance life amid grief and loss.

Where possible, carers should continue with family traditions and celebrations (e.g., holidays and birthdays, etc) making changes where necessary.

Caregivers should also learn to create new rituals that will aid with effective daily living.

Carers should not be afraid of going out to ask for emotional support or hands-on assistance. They should also be ready to share their experiences with others in a bid to help those who may be in a similar position.

Self-care

Eating well, staying physically active, and taking practical steps towards relieving stress are options people have when it comes to taking care of personal needs. Scheduling breaks from care can also help boost morale and health to enable better decision-making and caregiving.

Identify creative outlets

Look for creative and interesting ways to express loss and grief like painting, writing, or other visual forms of art.

Get professional help

Other than reaching out to caregivers, relatives, and friends for support, professional assistance may also come in handy. Options available include well-organized support groups, licensed councillors, and professional organizations like the Alzheimer’s Society.

Celebrate the happy and sad

While grieving what is lost celebrate what has been gained. It is important to always embrace what remains through the various stages of the illness. For instance, while a person may not be able to take long walks or go to the gym, they can still go to the movies.

Ignore what cannot be controlled

It is not possible to control memory loss of a person with dementia but carers can control their reactions.

Closing Remarks

Caregivers looking after people with dementia may struggle with ambiguous loss in dementia. This does not have to be something that wears the carer out. Understanding what this type of loss is and learning how to successfully manage it is instrumental in taking good care of persons living with dementia.

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