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Pseudodementia – An Overview

Trevor Howitt Blog, Types , ,
pseudodementia

Leslie Kiloh, a psychiatrist, came up with the term Pseudodementia (PDEM) in 1961.

In short, describes a range of dementia-like symptoms.

These may include hysteria, depression, and schizophrenia.

Experts agree that depression is the major culprit that makes people feel as though they have dementia.

Also known as depression-related cognitive dysfunction, there are three primary cognitive components that Pseudodementia involves:

I. Deficits in executive functioning
II. Problems with memory
III. Challenges with language and speech

People who go through this worry too much about their experience a high percentage assuming that they have dementia.

Thankfully, this is not the case because the psychiatric conditions that a person goes through while dealing with this form of cognitive impairment are reversible through treatment.

If the treatment of depression, hysteria, or schizophrenia is successful, then the cognitive symptoms also go away.

Pseudodementia Background

background
Even though people were using the term Pseudodementia before, it was not until Kiloh published a paper titled “Pseudo-dementia” in 1961 that many others took up interest.

The Scientific journal Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica published her paper that presented vignettes of ten people a majority with depressive features.

This sparked a huge debate opening up areas of scientific study and research examining whether it is possible to reverse cognitive deficits in depression cases and whether these end up causing dementia in the long-run.

Symptoms of Pseudodementia

symptoms of pseudodementia
Persons with PDEM might experience a wide range of symptoms. Most of these usually overlap with those of individuals with dementia.

Examples of the symptoms may include:

  • Anxiety
  • Delayed motor response
  • Difficulty making decisions or completing tasks
  • Trouble remembering things
  • Difficult times communicating with others
  • Lower processing speed
  • Feelings of hopelessness and helplessness
  • Hypersomnia or insomnia
  • Fatigue
  • Loss of appetite or overeating
  • Suicide thought
  • Cognitive impairment is mostly seen in middle-aged and older adults

Diagnosis

diagnosis
There have been very many misdiagnosis cases of people who have Pseudodementia because a majority usually conclude that they have dementia. Thus, start getting into a lifestyle to manage the illness because it still has no cure.

This is especially in cases that touch on elderly persons who experience negative changes in behavior or thinking.

Statistics suggest that between 2-32% of seniors who experience cognitive problems may not have dementia.

Proper diagnosis is also tricky because some older adults can experience both PDEM and dementia.

It is, therefore, crucial for a person to go through an extensive clinical interview. This helps to reveal essential clues that professionals can use for proper diagnosis.

A GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) may also be necessary. It can help differentiate between dementia and other forms of cognitive disorders.

Most of the time, medics and geriatricians will combine this with current functioning and medical history to come up with a diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Pseudodementia

treatment options for pseudodementia
It is important to note that even though this is a reversible cognitive disorder, treating it is still complex.

This type of cognitive dysfunction requires a combination of treatment modalities that may include psychotherapy, drugs, or a combination of both.

Various treatments can help with this condition such as:

1. CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy)

CBT cognitive behavioural therapy
This generally seeks to enhance the mood of a person going through conditions like depression. It involves the changing and exploring of behaviors as well as thought patterns.

2. Interpersonal Therapy

interpersonal therapy
The other treatment option that experts recommend is interpersonal therapy. This mostly focuses on the relationships of the impaired individual.

Professionals seek to identify if these have any link between the relationships and feelings of depression.

3. Antidepressants

antidepressants
Some antidepressant drugs can help to eliminate cognitive dysfunction brought about by depression.

Keep in mind that depression has different causes; thus, treatment may vary from one person to the next, depending on what is most suitable.

How PDEM differs From Dementia

how PDEM differs from dementia
There are clear differences between dementia and cognitive impairment that mimics the illness.

This is one of the factors that can help to reduce misdiagnosis.

For instance, when looking at the history of dementia, you will notice that it is stealthy while this cognitive decline is quick and short.

Doctors usually test the memory of individuals to know whether they have reversible cognitive impairment or dementia.

This may involve asking several questions. For persons with this depression-related cognitive dysfunction, the answer will always be they do not know.

Concentration and attention, however, are usually intact though affected persons may appear as though they are upset.

It is a different case with dementia because individuals with the illness have poor concentration and attention, give out wrong answers, and typically appear like they are unconcerned.

Persons with PDEM might also complain about their memory but do reasonably well when it comes to mental status tests and exams that evaluate cognitive function.

On the other hand, people with dementia may deny experiencing any memory problems, but they do not do well with cognitive exams.

Most people with the reversible cognitive disorder will not show signs of severe mood swings.

The opposite is true for people with dementia because many showcase an extensive range of emotions where some have inappropriate responses like crying when everyone else is laughing.

 

If you found value in this article, then you may also enjoy reading our other article titled What is Pseudodementia?

Binswanger’s Disease – All You Need to Know

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binswangers disease

There are different forms of dementia, one of them being Binswanger’s disease (BD).

This is a type of small vessel vascular dementia that occurs when there is damage to the white brain matter.

The progressive disease is also known as SAE (subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy) or subcortical leukoencephalopathy.

The illness mostly affects seniors who are between the ages of 54-66. Moreover, the disease was first described in 1894 by Otto Binswanger when he claimed that dementia can also be caused by vascular insufficiency.

In 1902, Alois Alzheimer started to study Otto’s work and supported his hypotheses and ideas; thus, decided to name it after Binswanger.

However, modern-day investigations of the illness did not begin until 1962; reason Olszewski gets much credit for the disease.

Causes of the Illness

causes of the illness
As aforementioned, Binswanger’s disease develops where there is damage to the brain’s white matter. This can be brought about by several factors, such as:

When there is widespread damage to the deep layers of the brain’s white matter, it results in the narrowing and thickening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) that feed the brain’s subcortical areas.

The arteries continue to become narrower which affects blood supply and eventually, the brain tissues die off.

Binswanger’s Disease Symptoms, Treatment, and Prognosis

Binswanger’s Disease Symptoms

binswanger's disease symptoms
Symptoms of BD typically relate to the disruption of subcortical neural circuits that control executive cognitive functioning.

Some of the signs that characterize the disease include:

  • Mood changes
  • Loss of memory
  • Loss of intellectual function
  • Stroke
  • Mental deterioration
  • Language disorders
  • Muscle ataxia
  • Transient ischemic attack
  • Impaired movement that can including changes in how a person walks
  • Changes in posture
  • Depression

Some of the symptoms above may coincide with other warning signs such as fainting, epilepsy, uncontrollable bladder, and multiple falls.

The disease generally affects processing speed which causes impaired concentration.

As a result, it becomes challenging to do daily tasks like driving, meal preparation, and managing finances.

Diagnosis

diagnosis
To diagnose the illness, experts normally rely on clinical examinations as well as MRI, CT scan, or proton MR spectrography.

Indications of the disease usually include lesions, enlargement of ventricles, infractions, loss of intensity of the white matter, and leukoaraiosis.

Some doctors also conduct MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) to assess the level of cognitive impairment.

This also serves as a screening test for dementia.

Treatment and Management

treatment and management
Just like many other forms of dementia, Binswanger’s disease does not have a cure.

Studies also reveal it is the most severe impairment of all vascular dementias. To manage the illness, doctors recommend treating the cause of poor perfusion in the brain like diabetes or chronic hypertension.

Persons with this illness may also benefit from donepezil a type of Alzheimer’s medication.

The drug whose trade name is Aricept increases acetylcholine in the human brain.

It does this by deactivating the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine through a choline esterase inhibitor.

Acetylcholine is important in the brain because it aids in the restoration of normal levels of neurotransmitters.

The medicine may help to enhance the ability to function, memory, and awareness.

Antidepressants like citalopram and sertraline may work well for persons with anxiety or depression.

Antipsychotic drugs like olanzapine and risperidone may also be necessary when the person with BD also showcases symptoms of disruptive behavior and agitation.

Memantine is another drug that can aid in enhancing cognition and stabilization of global functioning.

If a person with the illness does not take drugs, the disease will worsen as time goes by because damage to the white matter will be ongoing.

It is also important to note that the disease may affect different people in different ways. This is why experts base treatment on the symptoms and signs that are present in each person.

Because it is a progressive disease, behaviors that slow down the progression of diabetes, high blood pressure, and atherosclerosis can also decrease the rate of BD progression.

This includes maintaining healthy sleep/wake schedules, eating healthy diets, keeping fit, quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption.

Prognosis

prognosis
Because the disease has no cure, it means that persons with BD can only adapt to healthy life choices and working closely with medics to live as long as possible.

Depending on the weak person, the progression of the illness may either be gradual or sudden before going ahead to progress in a stepwise manner.

The disease may also coexist with Alzheimer’s disease.

Is Binswanger’s Disease Inherited?

is binswanger's disease inherited
Experts do not consider BD as an inherited disease. Nonetheless, genetics may play a role in some of the risk factors and conditions that relate to the illness like blood clots and atherosclerosis.

Research Being Conducted

research being conducted
Researchers and other stakeholders continue to conduct extensive research on Binswanger’s disease. Many institutions take up research in laboratories and some also focus on clinical trials.

A high percentage of the study focuses on finding better ways to treat, prevent, and finally cure the neurological disorder.

Turmeric and Dementia – Can It Help?

Trevor Howitt Blog, Prevention , ,
turmeric and dementia can it help

Researchers continue to look into the connection between turmeric and dementia after multiple studies suggest that the spice can prevent or treat dementia.

One of the actualities that prompted this study, according to thetruthaboutcancer.com, is the fact that India records the lowest dementia rates in the globe, seeing that they consume about 25-50mg of turmeric daily.

Experts believe that this prevents brain inflammation reason the country does not have too many dementia cases where you compare it to other parts of the globe.

The exact reason for this is still unknown, and the statistic may not be accurate. What is clear is that people in India generally consume more turmeric than individuals in other parts of the world.

Why do experts think that this old spice can be useful concerning the potential treatment for dementia?

Below we will study some of the findings that mostly come from lab-based studies.

Effects of Turmeric on Dementia

Curcumin Breaks Down Amyloid-Beta Plaques

curcumin breaks down amyloid beta plaques
While looking into turmeric and dementia, many experts focus on curcumin, which is a turmeric extract that has high concentrations in the root.

This is a chemical that is known to have strong anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloid, and anti-oxidant properties, amongst many others.

Multiple studies state that the chemical can prevent the formation as well as break up of amyloid-beta plaques.

The latter is a hallmark of dementia disease.

The plaques accumulate between nerve cells and impair brain function by damaging synapses. These are the structures that nerve cells use to transmit signals.

Some studies also suggest that the extract can help to prevent the accumulation of tau in the brain.

Animal research also indicates that the chemical can also help to curb oxidative stress and inflammation factors. The two contribute to the development of dementia.

Clinical studies are yet to report similar results. Unfortunately, it is still unclear how curcumin works in the human brain.

Turmeone Stimulates Growth of New Brain Cells

turmeone stimulates growth of new brain cells
Other than curcumin, experts are also looking into the role that turmerone can play in treating or preventing dementia.

This is yet another chemical present in turmeric.

In several animal studies, turmerone has been seen to stimulate the stem cells that foster the growth of new brain cells. In theory, this is an important factor that can be of assistance in neurodegenerative illnesses such as dementia.

This study is still in its initial stages. There is no telling whether it has an identical effect on people’s stem cells.

Experts are also trying to figure out whether the production of new brain cells is in any way beneficial to persons who already have dementia.

Turmeric Enhances Mood and Memory

turmeric enhances mood and memory
While discussing turmeric and dementia it is prudent to mention that results from various studies ascertain that turmeric consumption helps to enhance memory and mood.

Researchers believe that this benefit comes from the fact that curcumin can decrease the accumulation of tau and amyloid.

This is through lowering of cholesterol levels, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and reducing neuroinflammation to help the body fight against dementia.

A study published in The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry reveals that taking curcumin on a daily basis can help to prevent memory issues and, in some cases, improve them all together.

This was after a study conducted at UCLA publicized that taking curcumin can improve memory function. Nut just that, but negative emotions like depression, too.

The study had 40 participants aged between 50-90 years who had varying memory complaints. Participants were given 90 mg of curcumin two times a day as a placebo for 18 months.

People who were on curcumin reported that they experienced significant improvements in their attention abilities and memory.

The group that was on placebo did not have the same results.

How to Effectively Take Turmeric

how to effectively take turmeric
Many people will just add turmeric to their diets, hoping to reap all its benefits.

While this works, it is important to state that only a small percentage gets into your bloodstream after you eat food with turmeric.

This is because the body does a poor job regarding the absorption of turmeric. It is stomach acid that quickly degrades the spice.

Research has also revealed that turmeric dissolves in fats because it is not water-soluble.

This implies that the best form to consume turmeric is through supplements that have some type of oil or have an enteric coating so that the bloodstream absorbs a high percentage of the spice.

If you or a loved one wishes to take turmeric to help combat dementia, it is advisable to consult your doctor first so that the professional can guide you accordingly.

Final Thoughts on Turmeric and Dementia

final thoughts on turmeric and-dementia
Evidence that the spice plays a role in the prevention or cure of dementia is still scarce. It is, therefore, impossible to conclude whether or not turmeric will be a game-changer in regards to the treatment of dementia.

Extensive work and researches are still necessary on the topic of turmeric and dementia.

It is crucial because the popular spice may be the solution that the industry has been desperately looking for.

Food Cravings and Dementia

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are food cravings a sign of dementia

One of the topics that crop up frequently with people taking care of persons experiencing cognitive decline is food cravings and dementia.

Many people who have dementia will often go through drastic changes in what they prefer to eat where they majorly have unhealthy cravings.

This mostly happens because taste buds become less sensitive as the disease progresses.

Healthy young adults normally have around 10,000 taste buds allowing them to detect all types of tastes from sweet, sour, spicy and salty.

By the time a person celebrates their 70th birthday, the number of taste buds will reduce by over 60%. This implies that impaired people no longer experience flavor or taste food as they did in the past.

It can make them feel as though the food they are eating is boring and bland.

As people age, the production of saliva also decreases, which makes seniors have a dry mouth, making the problem even worse.

The brain’s insulin levels also drop, leading many seniors to have intense cravings for sweet or high-calorie meals.

Experts also link unhealthy food cravings and dementia to the damage of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This is the section of the brain that helps humans have self-restraint regarding diet.

When it is affected in people with dementia, it often leads to food cravings.

The sense of smell also diminishes another factor that contributes to taste decline leading to cravings for additional salt, sugar, or calories.

Managing Food Cravings in People with Dementia

managing food cravings in people with dementia
It is not healthy for people with dementia to feed their cravings, especially if all they want is high-calorie or sugary foods.

Caregivers must find a way to address the issue of food cravings and dementia so that the infected persons continue to consume healthy diets that are beneficial to their bodies.

Some of the steps that loved ones and professionals can take to address these cravings include:

Eating Meals Together

eating meals together
Most people who have dementia may eat the healthy meals you provide if you sit down and eat with them, rather than leave them to consume the food on their own.

It also helps to create a calm environment during mealtimes so that the person can focus on eating without too many distractions.

Offer Well-Balanced Meals

offer well balanced meals
The only way that a person with dementia will get the nutrients they need is by eating balanced meals.

Most of the time, individuals will crave sweet things because they do not consume enough carbohydrates to provide their bodies with enough energy.

To prevent issues that arise with food cravings and dementia, it is prudent that the seniors do not skip any meals. Encourage him or her to snack even when they are not hungry.

In addition to vegetables and proteins, ensure that their meals are also packed with complex carbs like whole grains and healthy fats.

Including sweet healthy food options might also do the trick. These may include options like fruits, baby carrots, and the use of honey in meals sparingly.

You can also focus on giving the person more liquids like hot chocolate, soups, low-calorie ice cream, eggnog or milkshakes. Just make sure that whatever goes into their mouths has some nutritional value.

Engaging in Enjoyable Activities

engaging in enjoyable activities
Unhealthy cravings can lead to severe health problems in people who have dementia. Before the problem escalates, the person should replace their urge to eat “bad” food with a pleasurable activity.

It can be anything from calling a friend, dancing or listening to their favorite tunes, talking a walk, or taking a long relaxing bath, etc.

Scientists explain that the act of eating and food stimulates a feel-good mood because it stimulates the production of endorphins.

Go above and beyond to identify activities that make the seniors feel good so that you do not have to deal with the negative effects of food cravings and dementia.

This is because a person may want to overindulge in unhealthy food stuff because they are lonely or bored.

Check Medications for Side Effects

check medications for side effects
At times, seniors with dementia will experience food cravings because of the medicine they are taking. This is especially if they are on antidepressants, which are known to cause cravings for sugary stuff.

If this is the cause, discuss it with their doctor to get the way forward.

During the doctor’s visit, the professional should also conduct tests to ensure that no untreated illnesses are contributing to these unhealthy cravings.

Visiting a dentist is also recommended because sometimes, the craving problems arise because of issues like ill-fitting dentures, or gum diseases.

Strengthen the Part of the Brain Responsible for Dietary Restraint

strengthen the part of the brain responsible for dietary restraint
Another option caregivers and people with dementia have when it comes to tackling food cravings and dementia is to take care of the section of the brain that deals with self-restraint and regulation.

They can easily accomplish this by making sure the weak persons get adequate sleep and they also participate in mental and physical exercise.

Do Coffee And Dementia Go Hand In Hand?

Trevor Howitt Blog, Prevention ,
coffee and dementia

Over the years, there has been a great interest in the topic of coffee and dementia.

Some studies reveal that it is possible to fight dementia with a cup of coffee. This may come as great news to individuals who need coffee to perk up their mornings.

Can coffee and caffeine reduce dementia?

can coffee and caffeine reduce dementia
An example of such a study is one that was conducted by Krembil Brain Institute in Canada.

Danish and Swedish researchers sought to find out if it is true that consuming coffee can lower the risk of dementia.

Too Much Coffee Is Not Good

There were 1409 participants in the study that were observed for 21 years. The researchers found that persons who drank 3-5 cups of coffee daily were less likely to develop dementia by 65% in comparison to the individuals who only took 2 cups or less.

Another study by Dr. Jonathan Geiger states that caffeine can help protect the brain by blocking damage that cholesterol causes hence reducing the risk of dementia.

This is after studying rabbits that were put on a fat-rich diet and were also given a caffeine supplement for protection.

He did this in a bid to investigate the blood-brain barrier an essential barrier between the main blood supply in the body and the brain.

Researches

researches
Preceding studies reveal that high cholesterol levels in the blood create this barrier that might cause damage to the brain triggering the development of dementia.

The rabbits were on the diet for 12 weeks. Half of the animals were also on a supplement that is comparable to the caffeine amount that is present in a cup of coffee daily.

After the experiment, the researchers concluded that the blood-brain barrier in the animals on caffeine was more intact than in the rabbits that were not taking caffeine.

One more study seeking to explain the relationship between coffee and dementia was conducted by researchers in the United States of America. This uncovered that postmenopausal ladies who drink at least 2-3 cups or 261mg of caffeine daily.

They were at lower risk of developing cognitive impairment or dementia than the ones who consume less coffee.

Participants of this study were 6,467 women who were followed for a decade. In the end, it was revealed that the ladies taking more caffeine were at lower risk of cognitive functioning issues.

In this study consuming caffeine was based on a self-report meaning the decaffeinated drinks were not specified. It was assumed that all cola drinks, tea, and coffee were caffeinated.

The studies seeking to find out the relationship between coffee and dementia was also done on animals.

It was discovered that caffeine in animals lowers beta-amyloid plaque levels.

This is a biomarker that is associated with dementia.

Drinking coffee can help reduce vascular disease

drinking coffee can help reduce vascular disease
Additionally, drinking coffee is also known to reduce the risk of vascular disease and Type 2 diabetes. These two are also common dementia risk factors.

In yet another study, researchers put caffeine in drinking water. They then fed it to transgenic mice that develop dementia-like symptoms where they reach around 8 months of age.

It was found that caffeine treatment reduced inflammation mediators. This also increased the levels of plasma of GCSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor).

The latter enhances the cognitive performance of the transgenic mice.

Worth noting is that the above studies on coffee and dementia are only observational.

This implies that they do not reveal causation as they only show correlation. Experts agree that coffee consumption may lower the risk of dementia but the beverage is not behind the decreased risks.

There is, however, a need for further evidence regarding the protective effect of coffee on dementia.

Researchers caution that there is still a need for more studies to confirm this theory.

Coffee and caffeine treatment for dementia?

coffee and caffeine treatment for dementia
Many experts are nonetheless optimistic that the findings may open up the possibility of the development of new dementia treatments. As well as dietary interventions that can modify dementia risk.

It is also important to mention that while studying coffee and dementia, some studies refute the claim that caffeine can prevent dementia.

These state that long-term caffeine consumption makes dementia symptoms worse.

Researchers from Sweden and Spain undertook one of the studies on normal aging mice as well as the ones that have dementia-like symptoms.

The results indicated that caffeine alters behavior in healthy mice and makes neuropsychiatric symptoms of mice even worse.

Furthermore, the experts explained that during the study, they discovered that caffeine has little benefit when it came to the memory and learning of rodents.

Even though many studies support the idea of coffee reducing the risk of dementia, it is not yet clear what the exact cause of dementia is.

In conclusion

This means that there is no clear way of preventing this illness.

Nevertheless, professionals advise on several things that you can do to reduce the risk.

These include reducing alcohol intake, quitting smoking, staying mentally active and physically fit. Lastly, it is important to consume a balanced healthy diet.

Dementia and Communication With a Patient

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dementia and communication

When it comes to dementia and communication, caregivers and loved ones must acknowledge the fact that persons who have dementia may experience various challenges as they try to communicate.

While ill persons experience the progression of the disease differently, there are some common challenges that most people with dementia face, such as:

  • Repeating stories
  • Disorganized speech
  • Inventing new words
  • Leaning more to the use of native language, etc.

As time goes by, it may become more complicated to communicate with a person who has the disease.

This does not mean that you should write them off and never speak or listen to them again.

There are several strategies you can employ to communicate effectively with a person who has dementia.

1. Effective Strategies for Dementia and Communication

1. Get the Person’s Attention

dementia and communication get the persons attention
It is crucial to start by getting the attention of the person you intend to speak to.

You can do this by approaching the person with the illness from the front to help them see you. It is also advisable to reduce any background noise that may be coming from the radio, TV, crying babies, etc.

Always identify yourself and address them by their names. It may help to repeat the name of the affected person a couple of times during the conversation.

Remember to keep expressions friendly. Keep in mind that the person with dementia wants undivided attention. Always show that you are willing to listen and comprehend what they are saying.

Practice patience when dealing with dementia and communications because the persons need some time to concentrate, understand, and come up with a response.

You may also want to meet the other needs of the suffering person first before you sit down and start having a conversation. This way, the person will not be hungry, thirsty, in pain, or uncomfortable when it is time to start talking.

2. Go Beyond Words

go beyond words with dementia communication
This is extremely important, especially during the later stages of the disease, when a person with the illness cannot express themselves properly.

Using hand gestures, eye contact, body language, touch, and facial expressions may come in handy when trying to communicate with a person who has dementia.

Examples of such are nodding your head for yes and shaking your head if you want to say no. You can do this even when voicing out the words as a reinforcement measure.

If it is possible to say something without letting it out, opt for this route.

Experts agree that a hug or warm smile may convey the message strongly so that you do not have to use actual words.

Remember that it is okay not to know what to say. Honest friendships and presence are the most valuable. Remember to stay close to the person you are talking to but not too close in a way that you are interfering with their personal space.

Your facial expressions and body language should always match what you are saying. This is because people with dementia are good at reading body language.

Tense facial expressions or sudden movements can make communication difficult as this may cause distress to the ailing individual.

3. Learn How to Speak

learn how to speak
When facing dementia and communication issues, it is crucial to check how you speak. Always approach an affected person with a calm and clear tone.

You may want to peak at a slightly slower pace. This will give the person you are conversing with time to process the information you are trying to pass across.

Do not raise your voice or speak sharply. You should also avoid asking too many questions at once because this may lead to confusion and frustration.

Respect the person you are having a conversation with so that you are not talking down at them. You should also talk to them like grownups and do not address them like young kids.

4. Use Simple Language

use simple language to communicate with dementia patients
When you are talking to a person who has dementia, it is not the time to showcase your prowess of complicated words.

It is advisable always to use simple, short and familiar words during conversations.

For instance, instead of saying hypertension, you can use the phrase high blood pressure.

Positive language is also crucial during the trying times of handling dementia and communication issues. Try and use short sentences that do not exceed five words so that you can convey one thought or message at a time.

If you are trying to give off directions, opt for one-step instructions. For example, let’s go for a walk, kindly lean this way, and lift your arm.

Always identify things and individuals by name avoiding the use of pronouns.

Rather than telling a person what not to do, it is better to suggest what they should do. This way, they will not feel as though you are trying to attack them because of their current situation.

5. Adapt To Changes

adapt to changes
As time goes by, you may find that it becomes harder to deal with the problems that arise due to dementia and communication.

The person you are trying to talk to may start to misunderstand you constantly.

At this point, it is advisable to rephrase as an alternative to repeating what you have just said.

Adapt to the suffering person doing your best to understand their unique gestures and words. Redirect, or distract the person when they are facing stressful situations so that they can fast forget what is stressing them.

Always encourage the person with dementia to express their thoughts even when they find it increasingly difficult.

Do not, in any way, criticize, interrupt, argue or correct the person you are having a conversation with.

Adapting also means that you should make the most of the “good” days and try to cope during the “bad” ones.

Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia: What’s the Link?

Trevor Howitt Blog, Causes, Prevention, Signs , ,
Older adult having blood glucose checked, illustrating type 2 diabetes and dementia

Type 2 diabetes and dementia have been linked in a growing body of research. People with type 2 diabetes appear to have a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia than people without diabetes, particularly when diabetes develops earlier in life or is poorly controlled.

However, having diabetes does not mean that a person will develop dementia. The relationship is complex, and researchers are still working to understand exactly how blood sugar, insulin resistance, cardiovascular health and changes in the brain may interact.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), diabetes can affect the blood vessels and nerves of the brain and may contribute to problems with memory and learning over time.

In this article, we look at what scientists currently know about type 2 diabetes and dementia, why the two conditions may be connected and what people with diabetes can do to support their overall and brain health.

What Is Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the way the body regulates and uses glucose, or blood sugar.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose move from the bloodstream into cells, where it can be used for energy. With type 2 diabetes, cells become less responsive to insulin. Over time, the pancreas may also struggle to produce enough insulin to keep blood glucose within a healthy range.

Persistently high blood sugar can damage blood vessels, nerves and organs throughout the body.

The brain is no exception.

Because the brain relies on a healthy blood supply and a steady source of energy, conditions that damage blood vessels or disrupt glucose regulation can potentially affect memory and thinking.

Are Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia Linked?

Yes. Research has consistently found an association between type 2 diabetes and an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia.

Importantly, an association does not mean that diabetes directly causes every case of dementia.

Dementia can have many causes and risk factors, including age, genetics, cardiovascular disease, smoking, high blood pressure and other health conditions.

The National Institute on Aging has reported research showing that people who develop type 2 diabetes earlier in life may have a greater risk of developing dementia later on.

This is one reason researchers are particularly interested in the long-term effects of diabetes on brain health.

How Might Type 2 Diabetes Affect Dementia Risk?

There probably is not one single explanation for the connection between type 2 diabetes and dementia. Several biological and cardiovascular pathways are being investigated.

1. Damage to Blood Vessels in the Brain

blood vessel health linking type 2 diabetes and dementia risk

One of the clearest connections involves blood vessel health.

Over time, high blood glucose can damage blood vessels throughout the body. Diabetes is also associated with an increased risk of conditions including:

The brain requires a continuous supply of oxygen-rich blood. Damage to its blood vessels can reduce blood flow and contribute to vascular injury.

This is particularly relevant to vascular dementia, which results from problems with blood flow to the brain.

The CDC notes that long-term high blood sugar can damage blood vessels in the brain and contribute to problems with memory and thinking.

2. Insulin Resistance and Brain Function

insulin resistance and brain function in type 2 diabetes

Insulin is best known for controlling blood sugar, but insulin signalling also occurs in the brain.

Researchers are investigating whether insulin resistance may influence brain metabolism, communication between brain cells and cognitive function.

There are similarities between some metabolic changes seen in type 2 diabetes and changes studied in Alzheimer’s disease. However, this does not mean that Alzheimer’s disease is simply another form of diabetes.

The Alzheimer’s Association specifically cautions that Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes are separate medical conditions, despite some areas of biological overlap.

3. High Blood Sugar

high blood sugar and its possible effects on brain health

Frequent or prolonged periods of high blood sugar, known as hyperglycemia, may affect brain health over time.

High glucose levels can contribute to blood vessel damage and other metabolic changes throughout the body.

The CDC reports that the effects of persistently high blood sugar on the brain can develop gradually and may contribute to problems with memory and thinking.

This does not mean that an occasional elevated glucose reading will cause dementia. The concern is primarily the cumulative effect of diabetes and associated health problems over many years.

4. Low Blood Sugar

low blood sugar and temporary problems with thinking and memory

Blood sugar that falls too low can also affect brain function.

Hypoglycemia can cause symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, difficulty concentrating, weakness and, in severe cases, seizures or loss of consciousness.

Some research has also found associations between severe or repeated episodes of hypoglycemia and cognitive problems, particularly in older adults.

For people using insulin or medicines that can lower blood glucose, preventing severe hypoglycemia is an important part of diabetes management.

Individual blood glucose targets should always be discussed with a healthcare professional.

5. Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

inflammation being studied in diabetes and brain health

Type 2 diabetes is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress.

Both processes are being investigated for their potential roles in blood vessel damage, brain aging and neurodegenerative disease.

It would be too strong, however, to say that inflammation from diabetes directly produces Alzheimer’s plaques or causes dementia.

The pathways involved in Alzheimer’s disease are complex and include age, genetics, vascular health and numerous biological processes.

6. Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke

cerebrovascular disease as a link between diabetes and dementia

Diabetes is an established risk factor for stroke and other vascular problems.

A stroke can damage areas of the brain involved in memory, reasoning, language and other cognitive functions.

Multiple small vascular injuries may also accumulate over time.

Because vascular disease can contribute to cognitive decline and vascular dementia, this provides another plausible connection between diabetes and dementia risk.

7. Mild Cognitive Impairment

mild cognitive impairment and type 2 diabetes

Researchers have also studied the relationship between diabetes and mild cognitive impairment, commonly known as MCI.

MCI involves greater difficulty with memory or thinking than would normally be expected for a person’s age, but the changes are not severe enough to substantially interfere with everyday independence.

Some people with MCI later develop dementia, while others remain stable or sometimes improve.

Having type 2 diabetes is one of several health factors clinicians may consider when evaluating an older adult for cognitive impairment. The National Institute on Aging includes a history of type 2 diabetes among factors that may indicate a need to assess cognitive health.

8. Alzheimer’s Disease and Brain Proteins

amyloid and tau research in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

Scientists have investigated whether problems with glucose metabolism and insulin resistance are related to the abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta and tau proteins associated with Alzheimer’s disease.

The results are not straightforward.

Some studies suggest possible connections between metabolic dysfunction and Alzheimer’s disease, while other research has not found a clear relationship between type 2 diabetes and the amount of amyloid or tau detected in the brain.

A 2024 study published in Diabetes Care, for example, noted that the relationship between glucose metabolism and later amyloid and tau pathology remains an active area of research.

It is therefore more accurate to say that scientists are investigating these shared pathways rather than claiming that diabetes directly creates Alzheimer’s plaques and tangles.

Does Type 2 Diabetes Cause Dementia?

Current evidence does not support saying that type 2 diabetes directly causes dementia in every case.

Instead, diabetes is regarded as an important risk factor.

A person can have type 2 diabetes and never develop dementia. Likewise, many people with dementia have never had diabetes.

Research examining causation has produced more nuanced results. Some studies find strong associations between diabetes and cognitive decline, while research using other methods has not always demonstrated that diabetes itself is the direct causal factor.

It is likely that diabetes interacts with other factors such as:

  • Age
  • Genetics
  • Blood pressure
  • Cholesterol
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Stroke
  • Smoking
  • Physical activity
  • Weight
  • Duration and severity of diabetes

This is why researchers generally discuss diabetes in terms of increasing risk rather than being a single direct cause of dementia.

Does the Age You Develop Type 2 Diabetes Matter?

Research suggests it may.

An NIA-funded study following more than 10,000 people found that developing type 2 diabetes at a younger age was associated with a greater subsequent risk of dementia.

This may partly reflect the fact that someone diagnosed earlier can live with diabetes and its metabolic and vascular effects for a longer period.

More research is needed to understand precisely how the duration of diabetes, glucose control and other health conditions combine to influence long-term cognitive health.

What About Type 1 Diabetes and Dementia?

type 1 diabetes and research into dementia risk

Although this article focuses on type 2 diabetes and dementia, researchers have also investigated cognitive health in people with type 1 diabetes.

Some observational studies have found a higher incidence of dementia among older adults with type 1 diabetes compared with people without diabetes.

Possible contributors include the long duration of the condition, vascular complications and episodes of severe high or low blood sugar.

However, the previous version of this article stated that “83% of seniors with type 1 diabetes are at risk of getting dementia.” We have removed that claim because it does not accurately communicate an individual’s dementia risk.

Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are also different conditions, so findings relating to one should not automatically be applied to the other.

Can Managing Type 2 Diabetes Reduce Dementia Risk?

There is no guarantee that good diabetes management will prevent dementia.

However, managing diabetes can reduce the risk of many complications that are themselves associated with poorer brain health, including stroke and cardiovascular disease.

The CDC lists uncontrolled diabetes among the modifiable factors associated with dementia risk and recommends preventing or managing diabetes as part of supporting long-term health.

Depending on individual medical needs, diabetes management may include:

  • Working with a healthcare professional to establish appropriate blood glucose targets.
  • Taking prescribed medication as directed.
  • Monitoring blood pressure.
  • Managing cholesterol.
  • Eating a nutritious, balanced diet. See our guide to brain-healthy foods.
  • Taking part in regular physical activity appropriate to your health and abilities.
  • Maintaining a healthy weight where appropriate.
  • Not smoking.
  • Limiting excessive alcohol consumption.
  • Attending regular medical reviews.

These measures are valuable for cardiovascular health and diabetes management regardless of their effect on dementia risk.

Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia: The Bottom Line

managing diabetes as part of supporting long-term brain health

The relationship between type 2 diabetes and dementia is well established as an important area of medical research.

People with type 2 diabetes appear to have a higher risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but diabetes does not mean that dementia is inevitable.

Several factors may help explain the association, including damage to blood vessels, stroke risk, insulin resistance, high and low blood sugar, inflammation and other metabolic changes.

Researchers are also continuing to investigate whether diabetes influences the biological processes involved in Alzheimer’s disease.

The most practical message is that managing diabetes, blood pressure, cholesterol and cardiovascular health is important for overall health and may also help reduce some of the modifiable risks associated with cognitive decline.

If a person with diabetes develops new or worsening memory problems, confusion or difficulty managing everyday tasks, they should discuss these changes with a healthcare professional rather than assuming they are simply part of aging or diabetes.

Related Articles

What Is Dementia?

Common Causes of Memory Loss

Vascular Dementia

Stroke and Dementia

Is Alzheimer’s Disease Type 3 Diabetes?

Vitamin E and Alzheimer’s Disease (Treatment)

Trevor Howitt Blog, Prevention , ,
vitamin e and alzheimers disease

Several theories exist regarding the fight against AD (Alzheimer’s disease), including vitamin E and Alzheimer’s.

Researchers have proposed that vitamin E may be a potential clinical intervention for AD. This is after several bodies have conducted research to support this theory.

One study claims that a hefty dose of vitamin E taken daily can help slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s.

Dr. Maurice Dysken, who was part of this study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, stated that patients who were given a vitamin E pharmacological dose experienced a slower decline in memory and thinking.

The study, however, also brought out the fact that the vitamin does not fight the cause of dementia, which implies that it is not a cure.

Vitamin E can help slow the progression of Alzheimer’s

The study with over 600 participants at different medical centers involved persons with moderate to mild Alzheimer’s. The large group was split into quarters where each received various types of therapy.

One group was receiving a dose of 2,000 IU (international units) of tocopherol a type of vitamin E. This constitutes a relatively large dose when you compare this to the multivitamins that most people take daily.

The other groups were getting Alzheimer’s medication known as memantine, which also has vitamin E or a placebo.

The results of the study showed that the participants taking vitamin E alone had a 19% reduction in the decline rate as compared to the persons on placebo.

This simply means that the persons taking vitamin E experienced over six months’ delays in Alzheimer’s progression, according to the researchers.

When it comes to vitamin E and Alzheimer’s, the delay can be very beneficial in persons who have the disease.

In persons with mild or moderate Alzheimer’s, this can mean more independence where individuals with the illness can do more daily activities without help from caregivers.

Researchers also concluded that participants of the study taking vitamin E alone needed fewer hours of daily care (about 2-3 hours less).

What is Vitamin E?

what is vitamin e
Now that you are aware of the link between vitamin E and Alzheimer’s, it helps to know that the vitamin is and its source.

Vitamin E refers to a fat-soluble compound that is majorly present in plants. The vitamin is an important micronutrient for humans.

It is helpful in the maintenance of cell membrane integrity. Experts recommend that your diet should have between 3-15 mg of vitamin E.

You mostly get the vitamin from edible oils and seeds like peanuts, almonds, palm oil, olive, canola, coconut, soybean, and corn.

These have high levels of tocotrienols and tocopherols. Plant foods, on the other hand, like vegetables and fruits, contain scarce quantities.

Is Vitamin E Safe for Individuals with Alzheimer’s?

is vitamin e safe for individuals with alzheimers
Tackling the topic of vitamin E and Alzheimer’s means that it is essential to talk about this treatment option.

Experts’ advice that vitamin E therapy appears to be quite safe and persons taking it are not at risk of worsening symptoms or death.

However, not everyone will have the same reaction to high doses of the vitamin. It is, therefore, crucial to seek medical advice before taking the vitamin.

The doctor may ask several questions before giving the go-ahead such as:

1. Is dementia as a result of AD? This is because so far, only persons with Alzheimer’s reap the benefits of the vitamin. It may not work positively for persons who have other forms of dementia.

2. Are there other supplements a person is taking? This will let the medic know whether the individual should discontinue the other supplements.

3. What is the medical history of the suffering person? This determines if there will be a substantial risk of consuming vitamin E.

Does Vitamin E Prevent Alzheimer’s?

does vitamin e prevent alzheimers
Studying the connection between vitamin E and Alzheimer’s demands that researchers also look into whether the vitamin can help to prevent the development of the disease.

Multiple studies revealed that taking vitamin E does not prevent AD from developing in healthy seniors. A study that took place over the course of eight years ascertains this fact.

This was done in a bid to highlight the challenges of finding appropriate treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, as well as other dementia forms.

Researchers opted to take this route with the study because vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that is known to protect cells in the human body, including cells present in the brain and blood vessels.

Antioxidants work by sopping up excess free radicals that damage cells ensuring that the cells remain healthy and strong.

Closing Thoughts

Regarding vitamin E and Alzheimer’s, there is still more research necessary to figure out how vitamins help persons with the disease.

Currently, researchers are still not sure about how vitamin E helps to slow down mental decline.

Perhaps it is due to its strong antioxidant properties that work for the benefit of individuals who have Alzheimer’s.

Dehydration and Dementia (How to Avoid It)

Trevor Howitt Blog, Prevention , ,
dehydration and dementia

There are multiple conditions that people with dementia should be aware of, one of them being dehydration and dementia.

Many persons with dementia often suffer from dehydration.

The worst part is that this a serious condition that persons with the illness or their caregivers do not easily detect.

Dehydration happens when there is insufficient fluid intake or when the body loses too much body fluids.

Most of the individuals with dementia who suffer dehydration cannot recognize thirst; thus, they do not end up taking enough liquids.

Some caregivers might overlook the symptoms of dehydration.

This is made worse by the fact that some sick individuals cannot verbalize their needs to have a drink in a timely manner.

Signs of Dehydration

signs of dehydration
Before getting deeper into dehydration and dementia, it is important to learn about some of the warning signs of dehydration.

The most common ones include:

  • Increased levels of confusion
  • Changes in behavior
  • Fatigue
  • Agitation
  • Muscle cramping especially in the legs and arms
  • Infrequent urination and darker urine
  • Dizziness
  • Sunken eyes
  • Nausea
  • Headaches
  • Lower blood pressure
  • Dry lips, tongue, and mouth
  • Development of UTIs

Causes of Dehydration in Individuals with Dementia

causes of dehydration in individuals with dementia
Multiple factors can cause a person with dementia to experience dehydration like:

  • Incontinence
  • Natural aging process
  • Needing assistance with fluids and food consumption
  • Living in care facilities with poor training on dehydration
  • Depression
  • Decreased thirst levels
  • Medications like laxatives and diuretics
  • Acute illnesses such as colds
  • Vomiting and diarrhoea
  • Limited mobility
  • Inability to swallow

How to Avoid Dehydration

how to avoid dehydration
When dealing with dehydration and dementia, it is important to learn strategies that can help to keep dehydration at bay.

Some of the most effective ones include:

Leaving a jug or glass of water within reach

leaving a jug or glass of water within reach
If a person does not take enough water because of mobility issues, help them out by making sure water is within reach. It does not have to be a clear glass.

You can use a brightly colored cup so that it draws attention to the person who needs to drink the water.

If this does not work for a particular person, using a dark-colored cup can help make the drinking process easier.

Make sure the glass is not too heavy or has a weird shape. Straws might also prove to be helpful.

Prompt the person to take water

prompt the person to take water
If a person with dementia does not take water because they are constantly forgetting, you should remind him or her to take a drink frequently.

Phone reminders can assist with this.

You may even have to call the sick person to remind them to drink water if you will be far away from them but still want to remind them to drink water.

You can even make this a sociable activity. This is where you pick something to drink and prompt the sick individual to also drink with you.

Do this several times each day when possible.

Eliminate challenges

eliminate challenges
Elderly persons with muscle weaknesses, arthritis, or Parkinson’s disease are at high risk of developing complications that come with dehydration and dementia.

This is because they may have a hard time gripping a cup or taking it to their mouth.

Offering no-spill smaller cups can give a solution, making the ill person more confident in their drinking abilities.

Finding Creative Ways to Slip Liquids into a Person’s Daily Activities

finding creative ways for a senior to drink water
This is especially helpful for persons who refuse to take liquids.

Some of the options to explore include vegetables, fruits, hot chocolate, ice-cream, Jell-O, applesauce, and popsicles.

While it is best to drink clear water throughout the day, the sick individual may not have a taste for pure water.

Here you can try flavored water, herbal teas, and healthy juices to ensure a person gets enough liquid.

Review medicine interactions

review medicine interactions
Some drugs that people with dementia take may contribute to dehydration. These include both over-the-counter-drugs and prescription medication.

Review warning labels and consult your doctor if the sick person is taking medicines that cause dehydration.

The professional can change the drugs or advice on the best way to avoid dehydration.

Recognize early dehydration warning signs

recognize early dehydration warning signs
Early detection of dehydration is the best way to give the person with dementia the help they need.

Go through the list of some warning signs above to treat the problem as soon as it manifests itself.

Avoid giving people with dementia alcohol, coffee, and high-protein drinks in large quantities.

These normally have diuretic effects, which lead to increased levels of losing water in the body leading to dehydration.

Dehydration and Dementia Final Thoughts

People caring for their loved ones with dementia need to be proactive when it comes to ensuring that sick individuals have enough to drink.

This is because a person with dementia may not always ask for a drink, hence end up suffering from the problems that come with dehydration and dementia.

Note that dehydration can lead to increased mortality rates.

Vascular Dementia Treatment and Support

Trevor Howitt Blog, Prevention, Types ,
vascular dementia treatment

It is important to understand what are the most beneficial vascular dementia treatment techniques and support since you can truly alleviate the condition.

Vascular dementia is a general term that represents one of the most common types of dementia. It occurs when the brain does not receive enough blood supply because of blood vessels that have been affected by the disease.

An illness that mostly affects seniors, it is said that one of out of four people above the age of 65 will get vascular dementia.

Unfortunately, there are still no approved pharmacological treatments available for anyone with this type of dementia.

This is not to say that individuals with the disease are usually left alone unattended.

There are several measures individuals with the illness and caregivers can take to manage the risk factors and health conditions that contribute to vascular dementia such as:

Best Vascular Dementia Treatments

Making Lifestyle Changes

vascular dementia treatment making lifestyle changes
The primary aim of vascular dementia treatment is to take care of any underlying causes that are making the condition to worsen.

One of the top things that a doctor may recommend is a lifestyle change for an individual with the illness. This usually involves a number of things such as:

Making healthy lifestyle changes is key to helping you maintain a healthy body that will effectively combat a majority of the health issues that are associated with vascular dementia.

Therapies

vascular dementia treatment therapies
There are different types of therapies that may be beneficial to a person who has vascular dementia.

These help to make day to day living a bit easier. Examples of such include:

  • Psychological therapies – These help to enhance problem-solving skills, memory, and language abilities.
  • Occupational therapy – Experts who facilitate this type of therapy usually identify the problem areas that individuals with vascular dementia face on a daily basis. It can include anything from dressing up properly to eating. The experts then offer practical solutions to tackle the problems amicably.
  • Physiotherapy – This typically helps the persons who have difficulties with movement.

Medication

medication
It’s also common for people with vascular dementia to take meds as part of vascular dementia treatment.

These do not take care of the condition but help treat some of the medical issues that individuals with the illness usually get.

Some of the most common medications that medics prescribe help to treat diseases like:

Anyone who is taking different types of medicines needs to communicate this clearly to their physician.

This way, the professionals will know the drugs to add or eliminate so that there is no interaction that will hurt the person with vascular dementia.

Managing Stress

managing stress
Many people with vascular dementia go through stress for one reason or the other. Being stressed does not help at all because stress also contributes to other medical conditions like heart diseases and blood pressure.

You need to find ways to relax so that you can manage stress to avoid going through other medical issues because of stress.

There are a number of relaxation techniques you can try when you feel like things are getting out of hand. These include:

  • Yoga
  • Deep breathing
  • Meditation
  • Rhythmic exercise

You can also engage one or more of your senses i.e. taste, sound, sight, touch, smell, or even imagination to reduce stress at a given moment fast.

Engaging the Brain

engaging the brain
Another option available for a person seeking vascular dementia treatment is challenging the brain. Understand that the brain remains capable for the entire lifetime of a person.

This simply means that a person can enhance the ability to retrieve and even retain memories. It’s advisable that a person with this kind of dementia sets some time either in the morning or in the evening to build memory capacity.

Activities that may help with this include learning new skills such as painting, a new language or anything else that interests an individual.

If you do this consistently, you will notice beautiful results after some time.

Having Fun

having fun
After a vascular dementia diagnosis, you may feel the need to sulk and get lost in a world of your own. It is important to fight this urge because it will do you no good.

After getting over the initial shock, it is vital to note that life must move on. If you do not want the disease to progress at a speedy rate, you must make a point of having some fun.

Playing, laughing, and doing things that you enjoy doing are excellent ways to reduce worry and the monster that is stress.

Happiness can be a game-changer inspiring lifestyle changes and may compensate for cognitive and memory losses as well as stop further strokes.

Join a Support System

join a support system
It may be a relief to know that you are not the only person with vascular dementia. You can join forces with other people out there who share the same predicament.

It can help to make the burden even lighter as you interact with other people. Share your experiences as you tackle the journey ahead. Being in a group is therapeutic because you can also learn new ways of managing the condition.

You can look for a support group easily online to find the ones that are closest to you.

This way, you do not have to think about the troubles of traveling just to be with other people who share the same illness.

Create a Personal Support Network

create a personal support network
Support groups are not all about people who share the same illness. You can also seek encouragement and assistance from other people such as:

  • Friends
  • Family
  • Church members
  • Colleagues
  • Neighbors
  • A spouse
  • Health care experts, etc.

If you are still not at the stage when you need round the clock assistance, spending time with other people that you love or care about can help you better cope with your condition.

Relying on one person may not really work out well especially if they are not professional caregivers.

This is why it helps to have more than one person to lean on. It even makes the other party more willing to spend time with you and offer the assistance you need.

Managing Memory Loss

managing memory loss
Learning how to manage the symptoms of vascular dementia goes a long way as part of vascular dementia treatment.

One of the most significant symptoms has got to be memory loss. You must learn practical ways to manage this loss while staying as realistic and optimistic as possible.

While it may not be possible to bring back everything you have lost, it can still help to make a difficult situation more bearable.

Things you can do to help with memory loss include:

  • Using memory aids
  • Following regular routines
  • Clearly communicating your needs
  • Maintaining social activity
  • Being upfront about your current condition
  • Being patient with yourself
  • Accepting help when other people offer

Home Modifications

home modifications
If a person with vascular dementia will be staying at home, it is best to create a stable and supportive environment where they will thrive without too many problems.

Modifying the home is one of the steps that help to reduce any potential stressors that may disorient or agitate the individual with dementia. Some of the things to remove from the house are mirrors that reflect other surfaces.

Also, items that can cause loud and identifiable noises, patterned wallpaper, and colors that contrast highly. If an individual has problems with moving around, they can transfer to the ground floor.

This way, that they are not always tasked with the responsibility of moving from one level to another.

Being Part of a Clinical Trial

being part of a clinical trial
The fact that there is still no definite vascular dementia treatment does not mean that researchers and other professionals are not out there trying.

If you are willing, you can become part of a clinical trial that is testing new interventions and treatments to help detect, prevent, manage, or treat the disease.

This, however, requires a lot of due diligence on your end. You must get all the information you need about a particular trial before deciding to be a part of anything.

Seek advice from your doctor on whether a specific study will be beneficial. Your loved ones can also help you make a wise decision about these clinical trials.

Nursing Home Care

nursing home care
Home care for some people who have vascular dementia may not be viable after a while. This means that you should look into nursing homes or any other types of care homes that will be able to accord the type of assistance you need.

Although it may be a hard decision to make at times, there are several good things to look forward to in such homes as:

  • Around the clock care.
  • Assurance that the individual with the condition is somewhere safe.
  • Interaction and social activities with other residents, and much more.

Be sure to do your homework well to find a suitable care home that will meet the needs of the individual with the illness well.

Lower blood pressure

lower blood pressure
Keeping your body healthy and fit is crucial when it comes to vascular dementia. That said, even when it comes to blood pressure, you need to keep it low.

Or, if you are a caregiver or a family member of a patient with dementia, you need to do whatever it takes to get the blood pressure down.

There are tons of different ways that help lover it. From increasing daily activities and losing weight to removing refined carbohydrates from the diet, eating less sodium and staying away from processed food.

Stop drinking alcohol and smoking is also a must. As mentioned earlier, reducing excess stress will also do you and the patient with dementia nothing but good.

A few extra options:

Final Thoughts

Even though there is still no sure vascular dementia treatment, controlling the conditions that are associated with the illness can slow down the rate at which the condition worsens. At times, it may even prevent further decline.

People with the illness, as well as their caregivers, need to put their best foot forward to ensure that the individual ends up living a good life in spite of what is going on.