Dementia affects 850,000 people in the UK, according to research from the NHS (National Health Service England). With more people living longer, this number is expected to rise. In light of this fact, many persons with dementia will want to handle their legal issues surrounding the creation of their Will. Can someone with dementia make a Will?
Making a valid Will with dementia
If a person is not of sound mind when making their Will, then it can be possible to challenge it. When making their Will, the fact that someone has dementia or perhaps any other mental health illness, does not itself render a Will invalid.
For an individual to have the necessary capacity to create a Will, they must understand:
The fact that they are creating a Will and its consequences.
The claims of those who might expect to be left something in the Will.
The amount of their property and assets.
They must not suffer any delusion of the mind which impacts how they may deal with disposing of their property, i.e. leaving legacies in their Will which they would not have included had they been of sound mind.
A person that has dementia can satisfy these criteria. It is not the general state of health of the individual, including dementia at issue; rather, it is the individual’s cognitive understanding at a particular point in time that is when they are giving instructions to their solicitor.
Can I contest a Will made by a person with dementia?
It would be necessary for someone seeking to challenge a Will, to produce medical proof that the person making it, did not have capacity.
If a Will is deemed invalid, any previously written Will would become the new valid Will. If no previous Will exists, the Intestacy Rules apply. The Inheritance and Trustees’ Power Act establishes intestacy regulations. They determine who gets what based on family connections. The rules do not consider closeness of family ties or who is most in need.
When creating a Will, a good solicitor or Will writer will assess, when taking instructions from their client, if medical opinion on the Will maker’s capacity ought to be acquired before the Will is executed.
The practitioner should also record how they themselves have assessed the Will maker’s capacity, to help ensure the Will is more robust and less susceptible to challenge.
If a Will is challenged in court, all of the evidence, medical and otherwise, will be closely examined, so it is important to use an experienced Will writer and professional to support you through this process.
What if a member of the family with dementia wants to make a Will?
If you have a family member with dementia or another mental illness, wanting to create a Will, or if you believe that the capacity of a relative was limited when their Will was written, or if you’re an executor of a Will being challenged, it’s important to hire specialist solicitor with experience to support you and your family through the complex process.
If you have any more questions surrounding contesting of a Will, or Will writing, Myerson have both Will dispute and Will solicitors working together to support you through complex cases. You can contact the contesting a Will teamatMyerson Solicitors (based in the UK).
‘Can someone with dementia make a Will?’ article written by Myerson Solicitors.
Medical decision making can be challenging even for healthcare professionals.
Have you been asked to make a medical decision for your loved one and felt like you were doing the wrong thing? Maybe you felt completely unprepared to make the call?
Perhaps you have not been faced with this task yet and are worried you might make the wrong decision.
If you are thinking, “yes that’s me”, you’re not alone.
Every person is unique. Their previous experiences, current and past medical conditions, personality, and values all play a role in how new illnesses or injuries will affect them.
A diagnosis of dementia poses even more of a hurdle to overcome when making decisions.
Medical Decision Making Steps to Take
Here are some action steps and an approach to take to help you feel more confident:
Everyone must be on the same page
First, go and find your loved one’s advanced directive form(s). See what they wrote when they had the ability to choose. Make sure they did not designate someone else to make decisions for them. In that case you should have a talk with that person and the rest of the family members who will want to be involved. It is best to have everyone on the same page if possible.
Loved one’s wishes
If you are the official decision maker, either through a legal document or because it has fallen to you as a default, there is one golden rule throughout this process.
Always refer to what your loved one would say if they were able to see themselves in their current condition and be a part of the conversation.
List of medical conditions
Next step is to make a list of your loved one’s medical conditions.
Think diabetes, COPD, heart failure, kidney disease, cancer, chronic pain. Learn a little about each of them.
Websites like Mayo Clinic and John’s Hopkins have great background information on chronic medical conditions.
Especially pay attention to whether these conditions are curable or not. If not, try to find out how they can worsen over time.
It is important to have an understanding about how they could impact your loved one as the symptoms of dementia progress and at the end of their life.
Having this background knowledge will help you when problems or crises arise– and choices have to be made.
Learn about medical complications of dementia
You will also need to learn about the common medical complications of dementia.
Consider injuries from falls, such as hip fractures or bleeding in the brain. Think about infections such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections. Poor nutrition and dehydration are also very common.
Stop to consider what you would do if your loved one faced one of these challenges. What would they tell you to do if they were able to see themselves and make the decision? Would they want to have surgery or be hospitalized?
Think about how your decisions will change overtime as your loved one’s underlying medical conditions and dementia symptoms worsen.
Quality of Life
Use your loved one’s quality of life as a compass when being asked to make choices.
“Quality of life” looks different for every individual. Contemplate what makes your loved one “them.”
Weighing the positives and negatives in their life can be a valuable exercise as you navigate complex decisions.
Reflect on who they were before the dementia symptoms started.
Perhaps they were a great chef, doting grandparent, gardener, explorer, dancer, avid reader, card game enthusiast, or hobbyist.
They likely can not participate in all their favorite activities now. Hopefully they have new interests or things that make them “light up” and give their life happiness and meaning. These can be helpful considerations.
Know that things are never black and white, and decisions can evolve over time. One common approach in medical decision making, is to allow more aggressive and invasive treatments early on to try and preserve quality of life.
Unfortunately, as their underlying diseases, including dementia, worsen over time, their quality of life will undoubtedly decline.
End Stage of Dementia
At the end stages of dementia it becomes easier to recognize the signs of suffering. They may seem to be uncomfortable, unhappy or not able to enjoy life. They may lose what makes them “them.”
In this stage it is more common to not pursue aggressive treatments or interventions and to focus on keeping the person comfortable.
Think of dementia like a staircase.
The top of the stairs is where they start and the landing after the bottom step is the end of life.
Each step down is a worsening symptom, an illness or an injury they have to face.
Most people with dementia who are faced with a medical challenge to overcome can realistically hope to stay on the current step. Going back up the steps to a better quality of life is very rare.
As the disease progresses, carefully consider the medical decisions you make. Use quality of life, and what that means to your loved one, as the guiding light in making decisions.
Again consider what they would say if they were sitting there a part of the conversation.
Consider All Options
When you are being asked to make a choice, ask the person talking to you what the purpose of the treatment is. What are the other options available?
Ask them to help you consider the ability of a treatment or intervention to preserve or improve quality of life versus simply prolonging life.
Try to better understand what comes next after the treatment or intervention. What can you expect for the future? Could it mean more potential side effects or that they would have to stay in the hospital? Will it be recommended they go to another facility for additional care you can not provide at home?
You Are Your Loved One’s Advocate.
You are capable of making the decision to serve their best interest, especially when empowered with the information and insight discussed in this article. If something recommended is not something they would have wanted, you can say no.You can question whether something will likely improve your loved one’s quality of life. You can ask for more options. Lastly, you can also change your mind.
Remember the disease is what is causing the medical crisis, not you. You will be making the best decision with the information you have at the time on behalf of your loved one.
In Summary:
Empower yourself with as much information ahead of time.
Look at their advanced directives already on file.
Learn about their medical conditions and the complications of these illnesses and of dementia itself.
Reflect on what they would have wanted, what makes them “them”, what “quality of life” means for them.
The more educated you become about the potential complications that are coming, the more prepared and confident you will be when difficult choices arise
About the Author
This article was written by Dr. Brittany Lamb.
She is a board certified practicing Emergency Medicine physician.
Reading to a person with dementia can be a simple and enjoyable way to spend time together, encourage conversation and maintain a connection through familiar stories, pictures and subjects.
A diagnosis of dementia does not necessarily mean that someone has to stop enjoying books. Some people continue reading independently for a long time, while others may prefer shorter stories, picture books, magazines, newspapers, poetry or listening while somebody else reads aloud.
As dementia progresses, the type of reading material and the way it is presented may need to change.
The aim is not to test the person’s memory or reading ability. It is to provide an activity that is meaningful, comfortable and suited to their interests.
In this guide, we look at the possible benefits of reading together, how to adapt reading as dementia progresses, and different types of books and reading material that may be suitable.
Why Reading to a Person With Dementia Can Be Valuable
Reading together can provide more than simply the words on the page.
It can create an opportunity to sit quietly together, share an experience and start conversations about familiar people, places, interests and memories.
The Alzheimer’s Society notes that many people with dementia continue to enjoy books and stories. If longer pieces of writing become difficult to follow, shorter stories, anthologies, audiobooks and reading together may be easier alternatives.
Similarly, Dementia Australia recommends choosing activities that are enjoyable, meaningful and connected to the person’s previous interests.
For someone who has always enjoyed books, reading may remain an important part of their identity.
Reading During Different Stages of Dementia
There is no single reading approach that will suit every person with dementia.
Abilities can also change from day to day.
Earlier Dementia
During the earlier stages, many people can continue reading books they have always enjoyed.
They may still enjoy:
novels
newspapers
magazines
biographies
poetry
religious material
puzzle and activity books
Some people may begin to lose track of complicated plots or forget what happened several pages earlier.
Shorter chapters, short stories and familiar books can sometimes make reading easier.
Large-print books or an e-reader that allows the text size to be increased may also help if eyesight has changed.
Middle Dementia
As concentration and memory become more affected, shorter reading sessions may work better.
Books with photographs, illustrations and familiar topics can provide visual prompts as well as written information.
Instead of expecting the person to read an entire story, you might look at a few pages together and talk about what you see.
For example, a photograph of a beach might lead to a conversation about vacations, fishing, swimming or somewhere the person once lived.
Later Dementia
A person with more advanced dementia may no longer be able to follow a written story, but that does not necessarily mean books have lost their value.
They may still enjoy:
hearing a familiar story
listening to poetry
looking through photographs
holding a familiar book
listening to religious readings
hearing newspaper stories
sharing a picture book
At this stage, the sound of a familiar voice and the experience of spending time together may be as important as the content itself.
Books Can Help Us Connect
Books can provide a natural starting point for interaction when conversation has become more difficult.
Comfort and Familiarity
Someone who has enjoyed reading throughout their life may continue to find familiar books reassuring.
A favorite novel, cookbook, Bible, poetry collection or photography book may have personal meaning even if the person can no longer read it independently.
Allow the individual to decide how they want to interact with the book.
They might read, listen, turn the pages, study pictures or simply hold it.
Conversation
Books containing photographs and familiar subjects can provide excellent conversation prompts.
Rather than testing the person’s memory by asking:
“Do you remember where this is?”
you could say:
“That looks like a beautiful beach. Did you ever enjoy going to the beach?”
This removes the pressure to produce a correct answer.
You can also use books in a similar way to reminiscence therapy, using familiar subjects to encourage conversation and connection.
Shared Time
Reading can also solve a common problem for family members who are unsure what to do during a visit.
You do not always need to maintain a continuous conversation.
Sitting beside someone and reading a story, looking through a magazine or discussing photographs can create a relaxed shared activity.
Tips for Reading to a Person With Dementia
A few simple changes can make reading more enjoyable.
Choose a quiet, comfortable area with good lighting.
Reduce background television, radio and other distractions.
Choose material connected to the person’s interests.
Keep reading sessions relatively short if concentration is limited.
Read slowly and clearly.
Pause occasionally rather than rushing through the material.
Allow the person time to comment or ask questions.
Use pictures and illustrations as conversation starters.
Do not correct every mistake or forgotten detail.
Stop or change the activity if the person becomes tired, frustrated or distressed.
The Alzheimer’s Society also suggests audiobooks or having a friend or family member read aloud when independent reading becomes difficult.
What Books Are Good for People With Dementia?
There is no single “best” type of book for dementia.
The person’s previous interests, culture, reading ability and current stage of dementia are more important than their diagnosis alone.
Some people will enjoy traditional novels. Others may respond better to poetry, photography, puzzles, newspapers or familiar religious texts.
The following are some options worth exploring.
Affiliate disclosure: Some of the product links in the tables below are affiliate links. If you purchase something through one of these links, ReaDementia may receive a small commission at no additional cost to you. We only include products and resources that are relevant to the subject of this article.
Poetry
Poetry can work particularly well because poems are usually shorter than novels and do not require the reader to remember a long storyline.
A poem can be read slowly, one section at a time.
Familiar poetry may also encourage memories of school, family life or earlier experiences.
Large format
Designed for dementia
Award winning (Dementia Care)
20 poems
Full color
For adults (not children)
Paperback
No rating
Folk Songs and Traditional Verse
Song lyrics, traditional verses and familiar folk material may bring back memories of childhood, school, community events, religious gatherings or family occasions.
If the person knows the words, reading may naturally turn into singing.
Music itself can also be a meaningful dementia activity. You can read more about music and dementia.
Fairy Tales and Familiar Stories
Familiar stories can be easier to follow than completely new material.
Fairy tales and traditional stories often contain recognizable characters and simple plots.
Books with strong illustrations can also provide something to discuss even if following the written story becomes difficult.
Puzzles and Activity Books
Some people in the earlier stages of dementia continue to enjoy word searches, crosswords, quizzes, drawing or other puzzles.
The difficulty level is important.
An activity that is too difficult may create frustration rather than enjoyment.
Choose something the person can realistically complete and offer help without turning it into a test.
Wipeable sheets (reuse)
Designed for dementia
Suit early to middle stage dementia
Keeps active for long periods
Suitable for visually impaired
10 page book ~ 8.5" x 5.5"
Completed with or without supervision
Designed for adults with memory loss
Designed by expert (science)
Simple & enjoyable
Large format
Colored pictures
Theme- seasons
Suitable for early to middle stage dementia
Includes Christmas in winter section (some people may not share beliefs)
Interactive memory book
Wide variety of games
Easy to difficult
Imaginative activities
Advice for body/mind given
130 puzzles
Designed for dementia
Science based guidance
Dr. Alexis Olson (author)-neuropsychological therapist
Paperback
Some print green/brown color- not good for visually impaired
No mess paint
Enhances hand coordination
Large water pen
Bright colors revealed
Let dry to erase pictures ( reuse over and over again)
Suitable for early to middle stage dementia
5 themes
Keeps occupied for long periods
Smallish book
4.5 STARS
Cookbooks
Cookbooks can be particularly useful for people who enjoyed cooking.
Recipes and food photographs can encourage conversations about:
favorite meals
family recipes
celebrations
foods from childhood
cooking for children
traditional or cultural foods
You do not necessarily need to follow the recipe.
Simply looking through the book together may be enough to create an enjoyable conversation.
Magazines and Newspapers
Magazines can be useful because articles tend to be shorter and contain plenty of photographs.
Look for subjects the person has previously enjoyed, such as:
gardening
sport
travel
cars
animals
craft
food
history
Newspapers may help some people remain connected with current events.
Older newspapers and magazines can also become useful reminiscence prompts.
Large print
Suitable for persons with dementia
Short easy to follow paragraphs
Theme: 1950s USA & Britain
8" X 10" 35 pages
A little crowded
More British than USA
Black & white images
4.5 STARS
Religious and Spiritual Reading
For someone with a strong religious or spiritual background, familiar prayers, Bible passages, hymns or other religious texts may continue to hold significant personal meaning.
The person’s own beliefs and preferences should always guide this activity.
Large print songbook
25 Christian hymns & music
Easy to hear & sing
Played in lower keys
Uncluttered 8.5" X 11" 32 pages
Durable paper
Coated cover
2 sets available to purchase
Hardcover
4 novels in 1 book
43 original sketches
6.4" X 9.21" 760 pages
Thick heavy book
Some typos
Not large print
4.5 STARS
Hardcover
Twin set
Many classic illustrations
6.1" X 9.2" 640 pages
Excellent quality
Small print
4.9 STARS
Feel-Good Picture Books
Books designed around photographs and simple themes can be useful when longer written material has become difficult.
Subjects such as beaches, gardens, animals, family life and travel may encourage conversation without placing pressure on the person to remember a complicated storyline.
Hard cover
Easy to read text
Illustrated
Pleasant themes
Author a clinical psychologist
Does mention 'memory difficulties' in text
Text quite short
4.5 STARS
What About Audiobooks?
Audiobooks can be an excellent alternative when reading printed text becomes tiring.
Someone may be able to relax and listen without having to concentrate on individual words on a page.
Familiar narrators, stories or subjects may be particularly enjoyable.
You can also listen together and pause whenever the person wants to comment.
For some people, a combination of an audiobook and the printed book works well because they can follow the pictures or words while listening.
When Reading Is No Longer Enjoyable
Reading should never become something the person feels forced to do.
If they repeatedly appear bored, frustrated, anxious or tired, try a different activity.
Their interests may also change as dementia progresses.
Someone who once loved novels might later prefer photographs, music, gardening or simply sitting outside together.
Dementia Australia emphasizes that activities should be based on what gives the individual meaning, pleasure and confidence rather than what other people believe they ought to be doing.
Reading to a person with dementia can provide a simple way to share time, encourage conversation and continue an activity they may have enjoyed throughout their life.
The most appropriate reading material depends on the individual.
Some people may continue enjoying novels and newspapers, while others may prefer poetry, familiar stories, magazines, photographs, religious material or audiobooks.
As dementia progresses, focus less on how much the person can remember and more on whether they are enjoying the experience.
There is no need to finish a chapter, complete a puzzle or remember the name of every person in a photograph.
A few enjoyable minutes spent looking at a favorite book together may be more valuable than completing an activity that has become frustrating.
Watching a loved one’s memory decline in front of your eyes is emotionally tiring and comes with a wide range of daily responsibilities. Someone whom you knew to be mentally sharp, stable, and independent is now becoming less functional, and starts to show many changes in their behaviour and mood patterns. In this article we address Dementia and family stress.
How To Prevent Stress and Burnout in Dementia Caregiver?
Looking after a family member or someone else who has a dementia onset is not just immensely challenging in terms of the responsibilities associated with this role, but also comes with a host of mental and emotional difficulties that often leave caregivers in a deep state of stress and burnout.
In this article, I’ll discuss the causes that lead people, who look after someone with cognitive decline, to experience burnout. I’ll also point out the signs that are worth paying attention to when it comes to this psychological state.
Further, I will also provide some support tips for how caregivers can prevent stress to take over and affect their mental health.
Emotional Costs of Providing Care to an Individual with Memory Decline
If you have ever been in the position where you are responsible for an elderly’s health, you know this too well – providing care is not just about feeding, bathing, and administering medication to a vulnerable person.
Most of the time, the stress you experience when you are in a caregiver role has more to do with the emotional and mental impact of the job than with the physical responsibilities per se.
Surely, doing your best to keep your loved one with dementia safe and to make sure they attend their medical appointments does take a toll on your health, however, the real stress comes from other aspects.
Perhaps the distress caused by seeing your loved one’s mental health decline is so overwhelming that you can barely process it for yourself, let alone be strong enough to look after them.
You might stay awake at night wondering if they are going to fall, move away from their room or have an accident. Or perhaps their mood swings, uncontrollable behaviors and anger outbursts are so intense that you are left with very little mental energy to attend to your own life.
No matter what the most vulnerable aspect of the care is for you, it is important to know that feeling tired and stressed is very common among dementia caregivers.
Also, it might be helpful to know in advance how you can best handle burnout if you ever experience it.
Identifying Signs of Dementia and Family Stress
Alzheimer’s and Dementia are neurodegenerative diseases that require family members and caregivers to be increasingly more involved in the care of the individual affected by them.
As signs and symptoms of dementia advance, the behaviours, personality, and health of the affected individual worsen, making the care more complex and demanding.
This puts increased pressure on family members and caregivers involved in the care process, who are more likely to develop symptoms of stress and burnout.
According to the Maslach Burnout Inventory, burnout is a psychological phenomenon defined by emotional exhaustion, cynicism, increased negativity, depersonalization, and a loss of interest in previously enjoyed things.
It is a common condition amongst caregivers due to the high demands and stresses created by this role.
Although the causes of burnout are complex and not yet entirely understood by research, it is believed that chronic and poorly managed stress is what leads those in a caregiver role to develop burnout symptoms.
It is highly important that all caregivers educate themselves on how to detect the first signs of burnout in order to seek support as early as possible.
Although this condition can show in subtle signs at first, be sure to look out for the following symptoms:
Fatigue
Extreme tiredness that does not go away with usual sleep or rest can indicate that you might be at risk of developing burnout.
Listen to your body and ensure that you give yourself plenty of time to recharge for all the effort you invest into looking after your loved one.
Irritability and mood swings
Due to the constant pressure of having to provide for a vulnerable senior, some people can experience mood changes and irritability.
This can trigger negative responses and impulses towards the people around them.
Lack of concentration
Due to sleeplessness and constant exhaustion, dementia caregivers might find that their concentration is impaired, and their cognitive skills are significantly affected.
Anxiety and depression
These two conditions can often manifest altogether. Some caregivers might feel increasingly worried about their loved one’s future while at the same time experiencing feelings of hopelessness and despair.
Having to figure out so many aspects of someone with dementia’s life can be challenging and frustrating, leading to symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Sleeplessness
Some caregivers might have impaired sleeping problems due to ongoing worries about their loved one. They might feel the pressure to be alert and available at all times, even during the night, which leads to issues with rest and sleep.
Dealing with Caregiver Burnout
It’s true that many family caregivers are so overburdened with responsibilities that they rarely get the chance to prioritise self-care.
Looking after someone with dementia can feel like a part-time job. Research shows that the average caregiver spends around 23.7 hours per week providing care to a loved one.
Besides work and other family commitments, this can really add significant pressure on many caregivers, who are left with the feeling that they need to be available to the loved one with dementia 24/7.
However, the only way of avoiding or coping with first signs of burnout is to prioritise self-care as much as possible.
Me time
Setting time aside to recharge and recover from ongoing stressors is the only way to renew your emotional resources and to continue to be available to the vulnerable person as much as you can.
Failing to look after your emotional needs and to attend to the physical tiredness can backfire on your physical and mental health, which results in resentment and built-up anger. Ultimately, this can lead to a real burnout where you lack physical and emotional reserves to cope with the unavoidable challenges.
Set clear and realistic expectations
Another way of dealing with and preventing burnout is to be as realistic as possible regarding the support you are able to offer to the loved one with dementia.
As neurodegeneration progresses, the complexity of the care needed also increases. As a result, it is almost impossible for one single individual to meet all the needs of a senior with dementia.
Setting clear and realistic expectations on the amount of care you are able to offer can prevent you from experiencing feelings of guilt, self-blame and doubt.
Seek support
Similarly, asking for professional support is highly recommended for dementia caregivers who find themselves overburdened with responsibilities.
If you suffer from mental health conditions like anxiety, stress, or depression, you can get in touch with mental health professionals or counsellors who can help you better manage your resources and cope with daily challenges.
Tips to Manage Dementia and Family Stress
Recognising that the caregiver role brings a lot of stress with it should determine people in this role to implement strategies and measures that make more resilient, such as:
Educating yourself
Being a dementia caregiver requires more skills as the disease of your loved one progresses. As a result, you might want to access training courses of resources that better equip you to deal with the changes in behaviour and personality of the person diagnosed with dementia. It might also be helpful for you to talk to other caregivers about their experience with this matter.
Look after yourself
Prioritize sleep, good nutrition and see your doctor regularly. Prioritize your needs for rest and listen to your body when it needs a break.
Use relaxation techniques
This can be engaging in a hobby that you like or attending a yoga class. Breathing techniques, meditation, and visualisation techniques are also proven as highly effective methods in alleviating stress and tension.
Exercise weekly
Being active relieves mental stress and releases endorphins, a feel-good hormone that increases feelings of relaxation. Research shows that exercise also aids in conditions such as depression and anxiety, which are often found in people who suffer from chronic stress and burnout
Sort out legal and financial plans
Having all legal and financial aspects sorted can provide comfort to the entire family, thus relieving caregivers of the extra pressure associated with those aspects. Make sure that you involve the individual with dementia in their financial planning and seek legal and financial counsel so that you do not have to worry about these things in the future.
Final Words
Unfortunately, being a dementia caregiver can be a difficult burden to bear even for the most resilient of us.
Therefore, when dealing with dementia and family stress, it is important to ensure that you prioritize self-care and seek mental health support whenever you see a decline in your wellbeing.
Staying in touch with other family members and delegating responsibilities is also a good solution whenever this is possible.
Recognising that the caregiver role can put a lot of pressure on your mental, physical and emotional well-being is the first step in knowing how to access the relevant resources that help prevent chronic stress and burnout.
Persons living with dementia and their caregivers or loved ones will at one point have to deal with dementia and financial problems. This is because as the illness progresses, affected individuals normally struggle to manage their finances.
At the onset of the illness, affected individuals may complete simple tasks such as paying bills without any problem. They may experience difficulties completing tasks like balancing check books. Later on, they can lose their ability to handle money matters.
Seniors with dementia may either need additional support or someone reliable and trustworthy should take over the management of finances. There are several areas where a person with dementia may struggle with finances and these may include:
Difficulties Managing Money
Persons with dementia will most likely have continuing financial responsibilities such as credit cards, mortgages, personal loans, or other forms of credit. Some may even have kids who depend on them financially.
Sadly, living with dementia may result in less income, which is something that can create pressure when it comes to keeping up with financial responsibilities.
It is recommended that people who have dementia seek financial advice as soon as possible to know how best to manage their funds. It is usually important to make decisions in advance so that things are handled the way the affected person would want them to be handled.
Signs of Dementia and Money Problems
Be on the lookout for signs of money problems. For example a person with dementia may have difficulty counting change, calculating a tip, paying for a purchase, balancing a checkbook, or understanding a bank statement. They may be afraid or agitated when talking about money. You may also notice:
Unpaid and unopened bills
Unusual purchases on a credit card
Strange new merchandise
Money amiss from the person’s bank account
Having a Separate Bank Account With Limits
Setting up standing orders for regular bills like rent/ mortgage, electricity, and gas is a good way to make sure a person does not forget to make payments.
When it comes to dementia and bank accounts, it is usually best for persons with dementia to have a separate account that will cater for care expenses. It is also advisable to have limits set on the bank account to manage withdrawals.
A trustworthy person should be put in charge of noting the money that comes in and out of the account so that the individual with dementia does not become a victim of fraud.
Explore Available Benefits
It is also important to explore benefits available for persons with dementia to help ease the financial burden.
Persons who are over the age of 65 may benefit from Attendance Allowance, Pension Credit, Housing Benefit, and Council Tax Reduction among others.
Looking at insurance options can also be another great way to help manage money well. Additionally, affected individuals can also look into free and low-cost community services they can take advantage of.
Problems Remembering PINs
One of the points that come up when discussing dementia and managing money is the inability to remember PINs (Personal Identification Numbers). If the person with the progressive illness can still effectively take care of their finances, it would be best for them to use chip and signature cards.
This way, the affected person will not need to remember any numbers as they will only provide a signature when they need to access their money. It is also possible to set up direct debits that can be used for bills so that the person with dementia does not have to worry about making payments.
Giving Money Away Aimlessly
It is also important to talk about dementia and giving money away. Many caregivers agree that some people with dementia become over-generous with their money. Sadly, in most cases, they are victims of scammers.
Scams
Unscrupulous individuals may contact the person with dementia requesting donations or offering fake “special deals”.
If necessary, consider changing their number so that scammers do not have access to the sick individuals.
Registering the persons on a Do Not Call registry is also necessary to protect seniors from unwarranted calls.
Frugal with Money
Persons with dementia may start giving away money or spending it on unnecessary things. This is a common issue. For instance, a person may purchase 10 similar outfits or household items they will never use. This can especially be noticeable if a person was previously frugal and their spending habits suddenly change.
For some individuals, the topic of dementia and money obsession becomes apparent. A person with dementia may show strong signs of becoming obsessed with money. They may even accuse caregivers of stealing their cash when this is not the case.
Fake Money
If a person with dementia wants to constantly see their money, and become agitated when they cannot, then carers can purchase fake money and place it in their wallets or somewhere where they can see the cash with ease. This helps to keep them calm and happy. It will reassure them that people are not steeling from them.
In the above scenarios, it is advisable to talk to the affected person about the recent changes in their lives concerning dementia and financial problems.
If this does not sit well with the affected individual, consider asking professionals like an attorney or clergy to speak to them.
Limiting Access
Limiting access to check books and credit cards can also help limit a person’s access to money so that they do not give it away carelessly.
It is also advisable to appoint a durable power of attorney who will help properly manage finances.
Take note if there is any form of elder financial abuse. This is where other people take advantage of seniors by misusing their money or property. Such cases warrant reporting to the police as well as local Adult Protective Services (APS) organizations.
Signs of Financial Fraud or Abuse
Signatures on checks and other important documents do not match the signature of the person with the illness.
An individual’s house is under sale or has been sold without them giving permission.
The person’s will has been changed without their knowledge.
The individual is missing valuable items such as jewellery from their home.
The affected person has signed legal papers like power of attorney, will, or joint house deed without knowing what the papers are all about.
Closing Thoughts
After a dementia diagnosis, it is common for affected persons and their loved ones to have to deal with dementia and financial problems. Individuals with the progressive illness need to be given enough support from reliable professionals as well as their relatives or friends to ensure they appropriately manage their finances throughout the illness.
What foods are good for dementia? In general, the best choices are nutritious foods that support overall health, provide adequate energy and protein, and fit within a balanced eating pattern.
No individual food has been proven to cure, reverse or stop dementia. However, researchers continue to study the relationship between nutrition, cardiovascular health and the aging brain.
Eating patterns such as the Mediterranean and MIND diets emphasize vegetables, berries, whole grains, beans, nuts, fish and unsaturated fats. Studies have linked these patterns with some measures of better cognitive health, although research has not established that following a particular diet will prevent or treat dementia in every person.
The National Institute on Aging explains that the evidence remains mixed and that researchers are continuing to investigate the relationship between diet and Alzheimer’s disease.
For someone already living with dementia, another important consideration is simply eating enough nutritious food. Appetite, medications, changes in taste and smell, and difficulty preparing or eating meals can all affect nutrition.
Here are eight food groups worth considering as part of a healthy dementia diet.
What Foods Are Good for Dementia? 8 Choices to Consider
1. Leafy Greens and Cruciferous Vegetables
Vegetables such as spinach, kale, lettuce, broccoli, cauliflower and other leafy or cruciferous vegetables provide vitamins, minerals, fiber and a variety of naturally occurring plant compounds.
Green leafy vegetables are one of the food groups emphasized in the MIND eating pattern. The Alzheimer’s Association includes leafy greens and other vegetables among the foods encouraged as part of a brain-healthy eating pattern.
Rather than expecting a particular vegetable to improve dementia symptoms, it is more useful to think about vegetables as part of an overall nutritious diet.
Fresh, frozen and cooked vegetables can all be useful. Softer cooked vegetables may also be easier to eat for someone who has difficulty chewing.
2. Berries
Blueberries, strawberries, raspberries and blackberries provide fiber, vitamins and plant compounds known as flavonoids.
Berries receive particular attention in the MIND diet and have also been examined in research into diet and cognitive aging.
This does not mean berries remove Alzheimer’s plaques or treat dementia. Claims of that kind go beyond the available human evidence.
However, berries are a nutrient-rich alternative to many highly processed desserts and snacks. They can be eaten fresh or frozen and may be added to yogurt, porridge or smoothies.
3. Herbs and Spices
Herbs and spices such as turmeric, rosemary, sage, ginger and cinnamon can add considerable flavor to meals without relying heavily on salt or sugar.
Some plant compounds found in herbs and spices have also attracted scientific interest. Curcumin, for example, is a component of turmeric that has been investigated for its potential effects on inflammation and cognition.
However, laboratory findings should not be confused with evidence that an herb can treat dementia. According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, evidence for curcumin and many other supplements remains limited or inconsistent.
Using herbs and spices normally in food is different from taking concentrated supplements. Anyone considering herbal supplements should discuss them with a health professional because they can interact with medications.
Nuts and seeds provide unsaturated fats, protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals.
Examples include:
Walnuts
Almonds
Pistachios
Pumpkin seeds
Sunflower seeds
Flaxseed
Chia seeds
Nuts are another food group included in the MIND eating pattern. They can make a convenient snack and can also be added to breakfast cereals, salads and other meals.
For people who have difficulty chewing or swallowing, whole nuts may not be appropriate. Nut butters or finely ground nuts may sometimes be easier alternatives, depending on the person’s individual needs.
Avocado provides predominantly unsaturated fat along with fiber, potassium, folate and other nutrients.
There is no good evidence that avocado prevents brain tangles or acts as a treatment for dementia. Its value is much simpler: it is a nutrient-dense food that can form part of a balanced diet.
Other sources of unsaturated fat include olive oil, nuts, seeds and fish.
These foods also fit well within Mediterranean-style eating patterns, which generally emphasize unsaturated fats rather than diets dominated by saturated and trans fats.
Avocado is soft and relatively energy-dense, which can also make it useful for some older people who have a small appetite.
6. Omega-3-Rich Fish
Fish such as salmon, sardines, trout, herring and mackerel provide protein as well as the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA.
Fish regularly appears in Mediterranean and MIND-style dietary patterns.
There is an important distinction between eating fish and taking omega-3 supplements. The NCCIH reports that some of the more consistent observational findings concerning diet and cognitive health involve omega-3 intake measured through fish consumption. However, clinical research has not shown convincing evidence that omega-3 supplements treat mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
In other words, fish can be a nutritious component of someone’s diet, but it should not be presented as a dementia treatment.
Beans, chickpeas, lentils and peas provide plant protein, fiber, folate, iron, potassium and magnesium.
They are also an important part of Mediterranean and MIND-style eating patterns.
Useful choices include:
Kidney beans
Black beans
Chickpeas
Lentils
Peas
Cannellini beans
Beans and lentils can be added to soups, casseroles, curries and salads. They can also provide a plant-based alternative to some servings of red or processed meat.
Again, their benefit should be viewed as part of an overall eating pattern rather than as a specific treatment for memory loss.
8. Eggs
Eggs provide high-quality protein as well as nutrients including vitamin B12 and choline.
Choline has important roles in normal cell function and the production of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. However, this does not mean that eating eggs repairs damaged brain tissue or treats Alzheimer’s disease.
For many older adults, eggs have another practical advantage. They are soft, relatively inexpensive, quick to prepare and can provide useful protein for someone whose appetite has decreased.
They can be served scrambled, poached, boiled or incorporated into other meals according to the person’s preferences and dietary needs.
What Foods Are Good for Dementia? The Overall Diet Matters
There is no single dementia superfood. Current research places much greater emphasis on the overall dietary pattern than on one particular ingredient.
The MIND and Mediterranean eating patterns generally emphasize:
Vegetables, particularly leafy greens
Fruit, including berries
Whole grains
Beans and legumes
Nuts and seeds
Fish
Unsaturated fats such as olive oil
They generally include fewer foods that are high in saturated fat, added sugar and heavy processing.
Research into these dietary patterns is encouraging in some areas, but findings are not completely consistent. Diet should therefore be viewed as one part of supporting general and brain health, not as a substitute for medical treatment.
Nutrition for Someone Already Living With Dementia
When someone is already living with dementia, the theoretically “perfect” diet may be less important than making sure the person actually eats and drinks enough.
Smaller meals, familiar foods and nutrient-dense snacks can sometimes be more practical than insisting on a rigid eating plan.
Significant weight loss, persistent loss of appetite, difficulty chewing or swallowing, or other nutrition concerns should be discussed with an appropriate health professional.
Final Thoughts
So, what foods are good for dementia? Leafy greens, berries, nuts and seeds, fish, beans, avocado, eggs and a variety of herbs and spices can all contribute to a nutritious eating pattern.
The strongest message from current research is not that one of these foods will treat dementia. Rather, a varied diet built around nutrient-rich foods can help support overall health while providing the energy and nutrients a person needs.
Looking for the best therapy dolls for dementia? We originally reviewed a selection of dementia therapy dolls in 2023. This guide has now been updated to remove products that are no longer available and to focus on six options that remain relevant.
Therapy dolls may provide comfort, companionship and a sense of purpose for some people living with dementia. However, they are not suitable for everyone, and the person’s individual preferences and response should always guide their use.
Affiliate disclosure: This article contains affiliate links. If you purchase through one of these links, ReaDementia may earn a commission at no additional cost to you.
A later systematic review and meta-analysis also reported potential benefits for behavioral and psychological symptoms, including agitation, among nursing-home residents with dementia.
However, therapy dolls should not be presented as a guaranteed treatment. Some people enjoy and connect strongly with a doll, while others may be uninterested, uncomfortable or even distressed by one.
What to Look for in a Therapy Doll
The best therapy doll will depend on the individual.
Useful features can include:
A soft, comfortable body
Appropriate weight
A realistic but friendly appearance
Durable construction
Easy-to-clean materials
Clothing that is easy to remove and wash
Moveable arms and legs
A size that is comfortable to hold
A highly realistic doll may appeal to one person, while another may prefer something softer and less realistic.
How to Introduce a Therapy Doll
Do not force a person with dementia to interact with a doll.
Instead, introduce the doll naturally and allow the person to notice it in their own time.
If they show interest, you might ask:
“Would you like to hold the baby?”
“What do you think of this little one?”
“Would you like to sit with the baby for a while?”
Observe their response.
If they smile, cuddle the doll, talk to it or appear relaxed, the experience may be positive.
If they become anxious, distressed or irritated, remove the doll gently and try another activity.
If the person recognizes that it is a doll, there is no need to insist otherwise. You can simply talk about how lifelike it looks or use it to encourage memories and conversation.
6 Best Therapy Dolls for Dementia Reviewed
1. Newborn Comfort Therapy Doll – Alzheimer’s Store
The Newborn Comfort Therapy Doll remains one of the strongest options in this guide because it is specifically selected for adults with memory loss rather than being designed primarily as a children’s toy.
The approximately 19-inch doll has a soft weighted fabric body with molded head and limbs. Its weighting helps create a more substantial and realistic feeling when held.
Several styles are available, allowing caregivers to choose a doll that may feel familiar and appropriate for the individual.
The specialist memory-care design is the main reason we rate this product highly. It is more expensive than many ordinary reborn dolls, but families looking for a purpose-selected dementia therapy doll may consider the additional cost worthwhile.
The Ashton-Drake Comfort Doll is a premium lifelike doll that may suit people with dementia who respond positively to realistic baby dolls.
Ashton-Drake produces highly detailed collectible dolls with features such as realistic vinyl skin, detailed facial features and weighted or poseable bodies, depending on the particular model.
Some Ashton-Drake models also include interactive features such as simulated breathing, heartbeat or baby sounds. These features may add to the experience for some people, although others may prefer a simpler doll without electronics.
This is not a specialist dementia therapy product. However, its realistic appearance and substantial feel make it an interesting alternative to dolls made specifically for memory care.
Pros
Highly realistic appearance
Premium construction
Weighted and poseable designs
Detailed facial features
Some models include interactive features
Good option for people who enjoy very lifelike dolls
Cons
More expensive than many Amazon alternatives
Not specifically designed for dementia care
Interactive models may require batteries
More collectible in design than some specialist therapy dolls
The CHAREX Reborn Baby Doll provides a lower-cost option for families wanting a realistic-looking baby without paying the higher price of a specialist dementia therapy doll.
The current CHAREX range includes lifelike newborn-style dolls with detailed facial features and realistic hands and feet. Soft-bodied and weighted versions are particularly worth considering for someone who enjoys holding and cuddling a doll.
The sleeping-baby appearance may also appeal to people who prefer a calm-looking doll.
CHAREX dolls are primarily designed for the general reborn-doll market rather than dementia care. Even so, the combination of realistic appearance, comfortable size and lower price may make them suitable for some people living with dementia.
Pros
Lifelike appearance
Soft-bodied options
Weighted models available
Detailed hands, feet and facial features
Accessories commonly included
Less expensive than specialist memory-care dolls
Cons
Not specifically designed for dementia care
Specifications can vary between CHAREX models
Sleeping or fixed-eye designs may not appeal to everyone
The JIZHI Lifelike Reborn Baby Doll is an affordable alternative for families who want a realistic doll without the price of a specialist therapy product.
The JIZHI model we selected has a realistic newborn appearance with detailed features and poseable limbs.
One useful feature of full-vinyl models is that they are easier to wipe clean than cloth-bodied dolls. This may be helpful when a person enjoys actively caring for or handling the doll.
On the other hand, an all-vinyl body generally does not feel as soft or naturally weighted as a specialist memory-care doll with a fabric body.
For families wanting to try doll therapy without making a large initial investment, JIZHI represents a practical lower-cost option.
Pros
Realistic appearance
Poseable limbs
Detailed hands and feet
Easy-to-clean models available
Accessories included with many versions
Good lower-cost option
Cons
Not specifically designed for dementia care
Full-vinyl models feel less soft than cloth-bodied dolls
Less realistic weighting than specialist therapy dolls
The Zero Pam Reborn Baby Doll is another realistic option for families considering doll therapy for a person with dementia.
We selected this current Zero Pam option because it combines a lifelike baby appearance with strong buyer feedback.
Zero Pam produces a range of realistic reborn dolls, so the exact materials, weight and accessories can vary between individual models. For dementia use, we recommend checking the product specifications carefully and favoring a model that is comfortable to hold and not excessively heavy.
This is not a doll created specifically for dementia therapy. However, for someone who enjoys realistic baby dolls, it may provide many of the same opportunities for cuddling, nurturing, conversation and engagement.
Pros
Lifelike appearance
Strong buyer feedback on the selected product
Comfortable size for holding
Several Zero Pam styles available
Typically less expensive than specialist memory-care dolls
Cons
Not specifically designed for dementia care
Materials and weight vary between models
Individual preferences will determine whether a highly realistic doll is appealing
Kaydora offers a variety of lifelike reborn dolls, including soft-bodied and weighted models.
The version we originally reviewed had realistic facial features, detailed hands and feet and a soft weighted body that made it comfortable to hold.
This combination can make it suitable for someone who enjoys cuddling and caring for a baby doll without requiring the higher investment associated with a specialist memory-care product.
There is an important difference between a doll selected specifically for memory care and a reborn doll primarily designed as a toy or collectible.
Specialist dementia therapy dolls tend to emphasize:
Comfortable weighting
Soft bodies
Durability
Easy handling
Calm and friendly facial expressions
Standard reborn dolls may provide many of the same features for a lower price, but quality and suitability can vary considerably.
If possible, choose the doll based on the individual rather than simply buying the most realistic-looking product.
Respect the Person’s Choice
Doll therapy should remain person-centered.
Do not assume that every woman with dementia wants a baby doll, or that someone who raised children will automatically enjoy one.
Men may also enjoy doll therapy, while some people of either sex may strongly dislike it.
Watch the person’s reaction and allow them to decide whether they want to participate.
If the doll provides comfort, companionship or enjoyment, continue using it naturally.
If it creates anxiety or distress, remove it.
Best Therapy Dolls for Dementia: Final Thoughts
The best therapy dolls for dementia are not necessarily the most expensive or the most realistic.
The right doll is the one that feels comfortable, familiar and enjoyable to the individual using it.
For people who respond positively, a therapy doll may encourage nurturing behavior, conversation and emotional connection.
Among the products we reviewed, the Newborn Comfort Therapy Doll stands out because it is selected specifically for adults with memory loss. The other realistic reborn dolls provide less expensive alternatives for families who want to see how their loved one responds before investing in a specialist product.
Whatever doll you choose, introduce it gently, respect the person’s response and remember that the objective is comfort and engagement — not convincing someone that the doll is real.
Alzheimer’s statistics help show just how significant the disease has become for individuals, families, caregivers and the health care system.
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. While age is the greatest known risk factor, Alzheimer’s is not considered a normal part of aging.
1. About 7.4 Million Americans Age 65 and Older Have Alzheimer’s
According to the Alzheimer’s Association’s 2026 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures report, an estimated 7.4 million Americans age 65 and older are living with Alzheimer’s dementia.
About 74% of them are age 75 or older.
This represents approximately 1 in 9 Americans age 65 and older.
The number is expected to continue increasing as the population ages. By 2050, nearly 13 million Americans could be living with Alzheimer’s.
2. Age Is the Greatest Known Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s
Age does not cause Alzheimer’s by itself, but the likelihood of developing the disease increases considerably as people get older.
The National Institute on Aging identifies age as the greatest known risk factor for Alzheimer’s.
Most people who develop the disease are 65 or older.
However, Alzheimer’s should not be considered an inevitable consequence of aging. Many people live into their 80s, 90s and beyond without developing the disease.
It is also possible for a person to have brain changes associated with more than one type of dementia.
4. Alzheimer’s Can Develop Before Age 65
Although Alzheimer’s is strongly associated with older age, younger people can also develop the disease.
When symptoms develop before age 65, it is generally called younger-onset or early-onset Alzheimer’s disease.
The National Institute on Aging reports that fewer than 10% of people with Alzheimer’s develop symptoms before age 65.
Some rare genetic variants can strongly increase the likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s at a younger age.
However, the vast majority of Alzheimer’s cases are not caused by one single inherited gene.
5. Almost Two-Thirds of Americans With Alzheimer’s Are Women
Women account for almost two-thirds of Americans living with Alzheimer’s dementia.
Of the estimated 7.4 million Americans age 65 and older living with Alzheimer’s, approximately 4.5 million are women and 2.9 million are men.
One important reason is longevity. Women, on average, live longer than men, and older age is the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer’s.
Researchers continue to investigate whether biological, genetic and other factors may also contribute.
Lifetime risk statistics are also striking. At age 45, the estimated lifetime risk of developing Alzheimer’s dementia is approximately 1 in 5 for women and 1 in 10 for men.
6. Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias Affect Population Groups Differently
There are significant differences in the prevalence of Alzheimer’s and other dementias among population groups in the United States.
According to the Alzheimer’s Association, older Black Americans are about twice as likely to have Alzheimer’s or another dementia as older White Americans.
Older Hispanic Americans are about one and a half times as likely.
These differences do not necessarily reflect race itself as a biological cause.
Researchers continue to examine factors including cardiovascular health, access to health care, education, socioeconomic conditions, discrimination and other lifelong influences on brain health.
7. Alzheimer’s Is a Major Cause of Death
Alzheimer’s disease remains a major cause of death in the United States.
The Alzheimer’s Association reports that Alzheimer’s was officially listed as the fifth-leading cause of death among Americans age 65 and older in 2024.
Deaths attributed to Alzheimer’s more than doubled between 2000 and 2024.
Importantly, death certificates may not capture every death in which Alzheimer’s or another dementia contributed.
A person may ultimately die from complications such as pneumonia, infections, swallowing difficulties or other conditions associated with advanced dementia.
8. Survival After an Alzheimer’s Diagnosis Varies Considerably
There is no single life expectancy that applies to everyone diagnosed with Alzheimer’s.
According to the Alzheimer’s Association, people age 65 and older survive an average of around four to eight years after diagnosis, although some people live for as long as 20 years.
Survival can be influenced by:
Age at diagnosis
General physical health
Other medical conditions
Severity of symptoms when diagnosed
The rate at which the disease progresses
As Alzheimer’s progresses, people generally require increasing levels of help with everyday activities.
9. Nearly 13 Million Americans Provide Unpaid Dementia Care
Alzheimer’s statistics also reveal the enormous impact the disease has on families.
Nearly 13 million Americans provide unpaid care for a family member or friend living with Alzheimer’s or another dementia.
During 2025, unpaid caregivers provided more than 19 billion hours of care.
The estimated economic value of this unpaid care was more than $446 billion.
Caregiving may involve:
Helping with meals and personal care
Managing medications
Providing transportation
Managing finances and appointments
Supervising a person for safety
Providing emotional support
As dementia progresses, caregiving demands can become substantial.
10. Alzheimer’s and Dementia Care Costs Hundreds of Billions of Dollars
The financial impact of Alzheimer’s and other dementias continues to grow.
Health care and long-term care costs for Americans living with dementia are projected to reach approximately $409 billion in 2026.
This does not include the value of unpaid family caregiving.
Medicare and Medicaid are expected to account for a large proportion of these costs, while families also face significant out-of-pocket expenses.
By 2050, annual health and long-term care costs for people with dementia are projected to approach $1 trillion.
These Alzheimer’s statistics demonstrate that the effects of the disease extend well beyond the individual diagnosed.
Can Alzheimer’s Disease Be Cured or Reversed?
There is currently no cure for Alzheimer’s disease.
However, the treatment landscape has changed considerably in recent years.
Some treatments can help manage symptoms, while newer disease-modifying treatments may slow cognitive and functional decline in some people with early Alzheimer’s disease who meet specific treatment criteria.
This is different from reversing the disease or restoring brain function that has already been lost.
Anyone experiencing persistent changes in memory, thinking or behavior should discuss them with a qualified health professional rather than assuming that they are simply part of getting older.
What Do Alzheimer’s Statistics Tell Us?
The numbers demonstrate the growing health, social and economic impact of Alzheimer’s disease.
More Americans are living long enough to reach the ages at which Alzheimer’s becomes more common. At the same time, advances in diagnosis, biomarkers and treatment are changing how the disease is identified and managed.
Statistics also help put the disease into perspective.
Alzheimer’s is not simply occasional forgetfulness. It is a progressive brain disease that can eventually affect memory, reasoning, communication, mobility and the ability to carry out everyday activities.
Importantly, Alzheimer’s is not a normal part of aging.
Research continues into the causes of the disease, earlier diagnosis, risk reduction and treatments that may slow or eventually prevent its progression.
We reviewed and examined many studies that found the connection between honey and dementia.
Honey might hold the key to reducing the risk of developing dementia.
While honey is known for its high sugar content, it’s still considered a great alternative to sugar in its conventional form.
It’s also gaining favor for its neuroinflammation action particularly when it comes to the brain’s hippocampus section, which is the part of the brain that is responsible for spatial memory.
That’s why the subject of honey and dementia is INCREASINGLY becoming an area of interest.
The Profile of Honey
Honey has a profile that contains different concentrations of compounds that are beneficial to the body’s wellbeing in general.
The compounds honey contains consist of enzymatic and non-enzymatic groups.
The enzymatic compounds include:
Catalase
Glucose oxidase
Peroxidase
While the non-enzymatic elements include:
Amino acids
Ascorbic Acid
Tocopherol
Proteins
Phenolic Acids
Carotenoids
Flavonoids
Honey also has a decent amount of acetylcholine and choline. Two neurotransmitters that are essential in promoting brain function.
The concentration of these antioxidants is dependent on the specific type of honey. Studies have established correlations between phenolic compounds and flavonoids with honey that has floral origins.
In turn, the phenolic content contained in any honey has an IMPACT on its antioxidant activity.
Some studies on honey and dementia have shown that honey can increase plasma antioxidants in tissues.
Honey has therapeutic and natural antioxidant properties that scientists have found are beneficial in preventing cognitive decline, and ultimately dementia.
According to research, honey can potentially have positive effects when it comes to treating a range of cancers and also reducing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) symptoms (see gut health and dementia).
The study took a five-year period concluding in 2008, and researchers focussed their efforts on assessing the impacts that honey had in relation to neurological conditions.
3,000 patients participated in the study, and half the number of participants consumed a daily honey dose.
When the study ended, 489 participants had developed dementia.
95 of the people who had developed dementia were from the group that ate the daily dose of honey.
The rest came out of the group that hadn’t eaten any honey over the duration of the study.
How Honey Can Help Reduce The Risk of Dementia
Yet another study conducted in 2014 on honey and dementia found that honey is loaded with polyphenols which refers to beneficial natural compounds.
Polyphenols were found to reduce the inflammations experienced in the brain while also improvingmemory loss.
The inflammation that occurs in the brain has a link to Alzheimer’s disease.
Researchers set out to look into the effects honey had on a range of neurological conditions INCLUDING Huntington’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease.
The conclusion was that honey had strong antibacterial properties that proved helpful in combating the MRSA superbug.
New Zealand produces Manuka honey which originates from the manuka bushes that are pollinated by bees.
The research found that this particular honey gave antibiotics the “nudge” needed to become more effective, and in some instances, even reverse the body’s antibiotic resistance.
Manuka honey also proves helpful in treating strep throat that comes about from an inflammation in the area.
Plus, it assists in stopping the action of bacteria that triggers infection growth.
The Impact of Honey and Dementia In Relation to Oxidative Damage
Research also found that honey consumption could improve overall cognitive function in postmenopausal women.
The study also further assesses the ability of honey to protect the brain against oxidative damage that comes about with aging.
Oxidative damage is observed most in regions of the brain that are known to cause the cognitive dysfunctions seen with Alzheimer’s disease.
Oxidative damage has also been identified as an impediment to the process of transcription and replication of mitochondrial DNA.
In turn, it AFFECTS the biological circulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that assist with countering oxidative stress and maintaining the antioxidant defense systems of the body’s cells.
That is where honey’s antioxidant properties come in again because it can help boost ROS function while also restoring the antioxidant defense system.
Final Thoughts About Honey and Dementia
The studies on honey and dementia found that oxidative stress is one of the aspects that cause neurodegenerative disorders as we age.
The studies also concluded that honey can have a POSITIVE effect as a therapeutic agent to fight against oxidative damage while also slowing down the process of cognitive decline.
Honey supplementation can also boost the antioxidant defense system within the brain cells which in turn helps preserve cognitive ability and brain functions.
However, it’s always best to talk to your doctor first. Too much honey will not necessarily bring better results, so pay close attention.
People searching for non drug therapies for dementia are often looking for ways to help a person feel calmer, stay active, remain socially engaged and maintain their quality of life.
While there is currently no cure for dementia, several non-drug approaches may help support well-being or manage particular symptoms. Some have considerably stronger research evidence than others.
These approaches should complement, rather than replace, appropriate medical care. Below we look at five commonly discussed non drug therapies for dementia and what current evidence tells us about them.
5 Non Drug Therapies for Dementia
1. Turmeric and Curcumin
Turmeric is a spice that contains curcumin, a compound that has attracted research interest because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Inflammation is an important area of research in many health conditions, including dementia and cognitive decline. However, promising laboratory findings do not necessarily mean that turmeric can treat dementia in people.
According to the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, clinical research into curcumin and dementia remains limited and inconsistent. At present, there is not enough evidence to conclude that turmeric or curcumin can prevent or treat dementia.
Turmeric can still be enjoyed as part of a normal diet and has a long history of culinary use. However, concentrated supplements should not be regarded as a substitute for established dementia care.
Anyone considering turmeric or curcumin supplements should discuss them with a healthcare professional, particularly if they take other medications.
2. Massage Therapy
Massage is another non-drug approach that some people with dementia may find calming and enjoyable.
The Alzheimer’s Society reports that there is limited evidence suggesting massage may help with symptoms associated with dementia such as agitation, anxiety and depression. However, larger and more rigorous studies are still needed before firm conclusions can be made.
Massage therapy involves manipulating the body’s soft tissues using the hands. Depending on a person’s preferences and physical condition, this might involve a hand, shoulder, foot or other gentle massage.
Massage is also sometimes combined with aromatherapy. Some people find particular aromas relaxing, although the evidence supporting essential oils for dementia remains limited.
Essential oils are concentrated substances and should be used carefully. They should not be applied directly to the skin unless appropriately diluted, and professional advice may be appropriate for people with allergies, sensitive skin or other medical conditions.
For a person with dementia, one of the greatest potential benefits of massage may simply be relaxation, reassuring human contact and an enjoyable activity.
3. Cognitive Stimulation Therapy
Of the non drug therapies for dementia discussed here, cognitive stimulation therapy, or CST, has some of the strongest evidence supporting its use for people with dementia.
CST usually involves structured group activities and exercises designed to stimulate thinking, memory, communication and problem-solving skills.
The NHS states that evidence suggests CST can benefit people with mild to moderate dementia.
Sessions may involve discussions, word games, creative activities, number exercises or conversations about everyday subjects. The emphasis is generally on mental stimulation and social interaction rather than testing whether someone gets an answer right or wrong.
CST is not a cure for dementia, but it is a recognized non-drug therapy that may help some people maintain cognitive and social engagement.
4. Laughter Yoga and Humor-Based Activities
Laughter yoga combines intentional laughter with breathing exercises and gentle physical movement. Unlike traditional yoga, it does not require complex poses or high levels of physical fitness.
There is much less dementia-specific evidence for laughter yoga than there is for therapies such as CST. It is therefore better viewed as an enjoyable well-being activity rather than a treatment for dementia.
Research into humor-based activities for people living in residential care has produced some interesting findings. For example, an Australian cluster-randomized study of humor therapy involving nursing home residents found a reduction in agitation, although it did not find significant improvements across all of the outcomes measured.
For some people with dementia, humor, laughter, music and playful activities may provide opportunities for enjoyment, social interaction and engagement.
The activity should always suit the person’s personality and preferences. If someone does not enjoy organized laughter or group activities, there is no reason to encourage them to participate.
5. Regular Physical Exercise
Regular physical activity can be particularly valuable for people living with dementia and is one of the most practical non-drug approaches families can consider.
Exercise cannot cure dementia and has not been shown to stop the condition from progressing. However, staying active can provide a wide range of physical and psychological benefits.
According to the Alzheimer’s Society, physical activity can support general well-being, cardiovascular health, strength, coordination and balance. It may also help with sleep, mood and maintaining independence.
The National Institute on Aging also notes that physical activity may improve some aspects of cognition in people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias and can help people maintain general health and well-being.
Exercise does not need to mean going to a gym. Depending on a person’s mobility and stage of dementia, suitable activities might include walking, gardening, dancing, swimming, gentle strengthening exercises or other forms of movement they enjoy.
The most appropriate activity will depend on the individual’s abilities and medical conditions. Exercise should be undertaken safely, with assistance or professional guidance where necessary.
Are Non Drug Therapies for Dementia Safe?
Many people initially search for these approaches as natural remedies for dementia. However, the word “natural” does not automatically mean that something is effective or safe.
Some products marketed as natural dementia remedies make claims that have not been supported by good-quality clinical research. Supplements and herbal products may also cause side effects or interact with prescription medicines.
This is particularly important for someone already taking medication for dementia or other conditions.
Non-drug approaches such as exercise, appropriate social activities and cognitive stimulation can form valuable parts of dementia care. However, treatment choices should take into account the person’s health, preferences, abilities and stage of dementia.
Which Non Drug Therapies for Dementia Have the Best Evidence?
The evidence supporting these approaches is not equal.
Of the five discussed above, cognitive stimulation therapy has relatively strong evidence for people with mild to moderate dementia. Regular physical activity also has well-established benefits for general health, mobility, cardiovascular health and well-being.
Massage may provide relaxation and comfort for some people, but the evidence for specific dementia symptoms remains limited. Humor-based activities may support enjoyment and social engagement, although dementia-specific research is less extensive.
Evidence that turmeric or curcumin can prevent or treat dementia remains insufficient.
This distinction is important when considering non drug therapies for dementia. An approach can still provide enjoyment, comfort or social connection without being a treatment for the underlying disease.
Closing Thoughts on Non Drug Therapies for Dementia
There is currently no natural remedy or non-drug therapy that has been shown to cure dementia. However, that does not mean these approaches have no role to play.
Some, particularly cognitive stimulation therapy and regular physical activity, can form useful parts of a broader plan for helping someone live well with dementia. Others, such as massage, humor-based activities and turmeric, have more limited or uncertain evidence and should be considered accordingly.
The goal should not be to find a supposed miracle cure, but to identify safe approaches that may support comfort, activity, social connection and quality of life.
